tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-40684833862208120862024-02-08T06:16:04.584-08:00What is an Essay Introduction? write my paper for me,
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pay someone to write my paper,Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12181384382457520320noreply@blogger.comBlogger1164125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4068483386220812086.post-54061955844451117392020-08-26T02:59:00.001-07:002020-08-26T02:59:05.316-07:00Monopoly of the United States Postal ServiceAn imposing business model is a market framework where one provider has order over the entire or almost the whole market. The provider in this manner can direct the market in support of himself. The capacity to direct can be on costs, bundling and administration conveyance among others (Money, 2011). This paper talks about the United States postal assistance in its ability as a monopoly.Advertising We will compose a custom examination paper test on Monopoly of the United States Postal Service explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The United States Postal Service The United States Postal Service was built up in 1775 by the then mainland congress. A post ace general was named who successfully organized the postal administrations in the intrigue the Americansââ¬â¢ government assistance. The congress afterwards coordinated the extension of the postal help to incorporate the costal and western locales. The extension of administrations proceeded with later. The entrance to the postal help was improved during the mid nineteenth century when the congress brought down the mailing rates making the administration progressively reasonable and available. This was trailed by the acquaintance of mail conveyances with entryway ventures at definitely no expense. Another help, the bundle post was presented by the ââ¬Å"post office departmentâ⬠in the year 1913. The postal office was then granted an imposing business model by the congress to shield it from private firms which could specifically offer types of assistance based on benefit. Further enactments have since been made to upgrade the administration conveyance of the division that is as of now known as the United States postal assistance. The postal help turned into a restraining infrastructure under the enactment of the congress. This imposing business model was framed by an administrative demonstration and not by any merger. It can in this manner be said to have been shaped normally (USPS, 2008) . Effect of the Postal Service on the Market The postal assistance has had critical effect in the American market. Its broad help that handles many billions of sends in a year has upgraded correspondence both in the social and monetary angles. The postal assistance gave a methods for correspondence among elements extending from mail conveyances to cash moves. This had an effect of a cultivated correspondence among individuals and substances particularly before different methods of interchanges like the cell phones and the web were broadly evolved. It has likewise had negative effects in its administrations. There have in the past been objections over expanded postal rates which can be ascribed to absence of rivalry (Gale, 2011) Being shaped by an enactment of the congress, the postal assistance can be delegated an administration imposing business model. Government syndications are those imposing business models that are set up because of enactment passed by an administration to secu re a given market. For its situation the United States postal help was set up as an imposing business model to shield it from private financial specialists who might be specific in administration conveyance with benefit as the directing variable and not arrangement of the essential administrations to individuals (USPS, 2008).Advertising Looking for research paper on business financial aspects? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The postal assistance can be believed to have a widely disseminated organize everywhere throughout the United States. The gracefully of its administrations is hence not restricted as one of its legitimate order is the administration conveyance to the residents (USPS, 2008). Geddes clarifies that as any state possessed imposing business model, the postal assistance now and again offer costs that are howl sensible so as to drive private contenders out of the market. This should be possible regardless of whet her its net impact is a shortfall to the state participation (Geddes, 2003). The postal help doesn't legitimately segregate on costs yet had in before years been blamed for circuitous separation of offering particular administrations to inferior mailers at no additional charge (FTP, n.d.). References FTP. (n.d.) Post Office. FTP Resource. Recovered from: web. Hurricane. (2011). US Postal Service. Business High Beam. Web. Geddes, R. (2003). Open doors for Anticompetitive Behavior in Postal Services. American Entreprise Institute for Public Policy Research. Recovered from: http://www.aei.org/Money. ( 2011). Syndication. Cash Terms. Recovered from: https://moneyterms.co.uk/USPS. (2008). All inclusive Service and the Postal Monopoly. US Postal Services. Recovered from: https://www.usps.com/Advertising We will compose a custom examination paper test on Monopoly of the United States Postal Service explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More This examination paper on Monopoly of the United States Postal Service was composed and put together by client Alessandro Carrillo to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for examination and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it as needs be. You can give your paper here. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12181384382457520320noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4068483386220812086.post-7610417689129174402020-08-22T06:43:00.001-07:002020-08-22T06:43:36.952-07:00Tough Guise Free EssaysExtreme Guise What does it intend to take care of business in the public eye? Jackson Katz in the narrative ââ¬Å"Tough Guiseâ⬠contends that online networking squeezes how men should look and act. For instance, Arnold Schwarzenegger is conceivably one of the most famous good examples for little fellows and men today. Along these lines when our general public thinks about a definitive ââ¬Å"many manâ⬠the main thing that rings a bell is solid, forceful, tall, attractive, valiant, unpleasant, extreme, aloof, heartless, brave and down to earth. We will compose a custom paper test on Extreme Guise or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now Men ought not be delicate, accommodating or feeble. In the event that a man would show shortcoming in any capacity, there would be a lot of analysis to follow. Individuals neglect to acknowledge how their social desires can be hurtful to young men, men, ladies, and society in general. Our way of life should be all the more with the exception of what it ââ¬Å"trulyâ⬠intends to take care of business. Sexual orientation jobs are instructed to young men from the very day they are conceived. Guardians treat children and girls in an unexpected way. Young men are educated to be extreme. At the point when little boyââ¬â¢s cry their folks may react by instructing him to grow up, and be an intense. Be that as it may if a young lady did likewise she would in all probability get more compassion from her folks. A genuine case of this is in games. It is adequate for a female competitor to cry when a physical issue happens. Be that as it may, male competitors are normally ridiculed for being ââ¬Å"weakâ⬠or ââ¬Å"sissies. â⬠These desires can be destructive to young men and men. As indicated by Dennis Thompson, a few examinations show people share more passionate similitudes than contrasts. At the point when men are compelled to hold in their feelings, they are bound to experience the ill effects of hypertension, and take an interest in more dangerous practices, for example, smoking or drinking. (ââ¬Å"Gender Differences in Emotional Health. â⬠à EverydayHealth. com. N. p. , n. d. Web. ) Boys and men ought to be permitted to grow up with non-cliché reactions to their actual passionate needs. Because of this intense appearance persona, ladies endure as well. In the narrative ââ¬Å"Tough Guiseâ⬠Jackson Katz discusses the advanced multicultural womenââ¬â¢s development. Katz clarifies how this development in history has given men new admissions about connections, work, and child rearing. There are currently numerous youngsters today who are exceptionally receptive about connections among people, and sexual correspondence. Be that as it may, there has likewise been a ââ¬Å"backlash. â⬠This implies a few men are not acclimating to these social changes. For instance Howard Stern assumes the job of a ââ¬Å"bad boyâ⬠who is just acclaimed for belittling ladies. Harsh shows ladies as articles via airing them on TV half exposed and uses debasing names. Howard Stern causes youthful male watchers to feel great about themselves by debasing ladies and relapsing back to conventional chauvinist ways. Not exclusively are youngsters seeing individuals like Howard Stern as the ââ¬Å"social norm,â⬠they are likewise being impacted by sexual savagery films. Numerous slasher films show ladies in explicitly express manners directly before they are being ambushed. Jackson Kratz assumes this may be the reason such huge numbers of men are explicitly attacking ladies. Savagery is quick among young men and men, which is influencing our entire society. Men and young men are being tormented in their schools. This is bringing about mass killings. So as to show strength young men and men are depending on firearms. Truth be told, the young men talked with felt they expected to look for vengeance on the individuals who harassed them to declare their masculinity. Luke Woodham, who completed the Pearl, Mississippi, cited ââ¬Å"people called me gay, idiotic, fat, and lethargic. Murder isn't powerless and moderate witted, murder is gutsy and brave. â⬠I am not crazy; I did this to show society that individuals like me are abused each day. â⬠( ââ¬Å"The Day Luke Woodham Killed All Those People. â⬠à YouTube. YouTube, 15 Apr. 008. )à Luke Woodham was didn't fit into social orders social standard; accordingly wanted to show his strength by taking lifeââ¬â¢s. These are things society needs to consider. Shockingly Men are setting up a front for society. With this being said men experience a great deal so as to fit the clic hé ââ¬Å"manly man. â⬠Our way of life needs to see the entirety of the negative results of squeezing men. Men ought to be permitted to be consistent with themselves without being judged. At the point when men are required to fit a specific generalization, this occasionally brings about savagery against ladies, and society. The most effective method to refer to Tough Guise, Papers Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12181384382457520320noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4068483386220812086.post-15664203888361796712020-08-13T06:51:00.001-07:002020-08-13T06:51:03.896-07:00How to Handle Your Feelings for Your TherapistHow to Handle Your Feelings for Your Therapist Psychotherapy Print How to Handle Feelings for Your Therapist By Jenev Caddell, PsyD facebook twitter linkedin Jenev Caddell, PsyD, is a licensed psychologist, relationship coach, and author. Learn about our editorial policy Jenev Caddell, PsyD Updated on October 14, 2019 asiseeit/E/Getty Images More in Psychotherapy Online Therapy You have chosen the right therapist, you have gotten some help for the initial issues you needed help with, and now, you are in love with your therapist. If you feel like you have fallen in love with your therapist, you are not alone. Therapy is an intimate process, and it is actually more common than you may realize to develop romantic feelings for your therapist. A good therapist will offer a safe haven to divulge your deepest secrets and will accept you no matter what. They will offer you 3 key qualities in any healthy relationship that humans need in general. It makes sense why that safety and acceptance can be attractive, especially if you are not getting that from other people in your life. Acknowledge It First, recognize that you are not a crazy or shameful person for having these feelings. There is actually a term in psychoanalytic literature that refers to a patients feelings about his or her therapist known as transference,?? which is when feelings for a former authority figure are transferred onto a therapist. Falling in love with your therapist may be more common than you realize. After you realize that you are not the first person to fall in love with your therapist and that you are not a bad person because of it, talk about it. Professing your love to your therapist may be easier said than done, but to really get the most out of therapy, it is important to discuss. Your therapist should be able to help you explore these feelings and you will likely grow through this process and learn from it. Your therapist may even already know that you have feelings for them. What It Means for You The answer to this question, of course, depends on you, but the process of therapy will help you explore what it means that you have fallen for your therapist and what to do about it. Perhaps a pattern in your life, in general, is that you always fall in love with people who are unavailable, and your therapist is just another example of one of these people. Or, perhaps you have never had that warmth and acceptance from someone, and the taste of it is intoxicating to you. That would make sense since as humans we all need someone to care about and accept us. Your therapist should help you understand these feelings, and once you get more of a handle on what is going on, you will likely experience personal growth as a result. How Will Your Therapist Handle It? An ethical and well-trained therapist will be open and welcoming to a discussion about your feelings toward them. Therapy is a safe place to discuss interpersonal processes and a lot of personal growth can occur from doing so. Your therapist should handle this news gracefully and explore it with you. It is crucial to know that romantic relationships are inappropriate between therapist and client, and it is up to your therapist to uphold this boundary.?? Therapy is largely one-sided, unlike most other relationships in life. By sharing your emotional experiences and sometimes secrets with your therapist, you are opening yourself up and being vulnerable, which is often important to get the most out of the process. If, however, your therapist takes advantage of this vulnerability and reciprocates such feelings in any way, this is a very clear ethical violation. If this happens in therapy, you should end the process of therapy and consider reporting the therapist to their state board if you feel comfortable doing so. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12181384382457520320noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4068483386220812086.post-15636492952632117492020-05-23T22:37:00.001-07:002020-05-23T22:37:04.178-07:00Alzheimer s A Progressive And Fatal Disease Of The Brain According to Alzheimer.net, forty-four million people, worldwide, are diagnosed with Alzheimerââ¬â¢s disease. In the United States, one out of nine people over the age of 65 are diagnosed with this disease, and it ranks as the sixth leading cause of death in the United States. Two out of three people diagnosed with Alzheimerââ¬â¢s are women. Five point three million dollars are depleted every year from citizens diagnosed with Alzheimerââ¬â¢s. Alzheimerââ¬â¢s is ââ¬Å"a progressive and fatal disease of the brainâ⬠(Lu Bludua, 2011). This brain disease leads to deterioration of the brain, which leads to dementia. Dementia is the ââ¬Å"loss of memory and mental abilities severe enough to affect the daily lifeâ⬠(Lu Bludua, 2011). It begins at the memory control center of the brain, and then progresses to the portions of the brain that control reasoning, thinking, speaking, and seeing; therefore, it damages all parts of the brain. According to Lu and Bludau, Alzheimerââ¬â¢s influences many aspects such as the organ system, tissue, cells, and organelles. The organ system affected is the brain, which performs numerous crucial tasks. This disease impinges on the control center for all bodily functions. The vital body function that the disease affects in the brain consist of: thinking, seeing, hearing, breathing, and body movements. It hinders storing and making of memories and hinders the aptitude to feel emotions. There are three parts of the brain: the cerebrum, the brain stem, and the cerebellum. TheShow MoreRelated9. Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (Cjd). It Is A Rare, Degenerative1677 Words à |à 7 PagesCreutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) It is a rare, degenerative but fatal brain disorder affecting very a small fraction of persons. The symptoms usually arise at the age of 60 and the person dies within a year. Many researchers believe that this disorder is the result of an abnormal protein known as prion. About 5-10% cases reported in the United States share a genetic basis where this form of dementia is caused by a mutation in the gene for the prion protein. Patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease suffer fromRead MoreThe Disease Of Alzheimer s Disease1421 Words à |à 6 Pages Introduction A brain deteriorates, slowly being engulfed by a mysterious disease. The neurons being cut off and destroyed by two abnormal structures. First memory is affected gradually getting worse. Then one is unable to think properly, reason, and lacks of self control. Gaps are formed in the brain s ventricles, due to the amount of dead tissue. In the end, it will lead to death. All of this may sound like something from a science fiction movie but infact its very real. These are all known possibleRead MoreThe Mystery Of Alzheimer s Disease1537 Words à |à 7 Pagesdefinition, etiology, signs and symptoms, stages of disease progression, risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment. Alzheimerââ¬â¢s disease is the most common cause of dementia. Alzheimerââ¬â¢s disease is Ultimately fatal. Medical Definition. Alzheimer s disease is a progressive, degenerative disorder that attacks the brain s nerve cells, or neurons, resulting in loss of memory, thinking and language skills, and behavioral changes. These neurons, which produce the brain chemical, or neurotransmitter, acetylcholineRead MoreThe Difference Between Dementia And Alzheimer s Disease1523 Words à |à 7 Pagesthe difference between Dementia and Alzheimer s disease. Dementia is not a disease, it is a term used to describe Neurological conditions that involves some form of serious mental disorder such as memory loss, confusion, and impaired judgment. Alzheimer s is an actual disease, which is a form of Dementia and the most common type of Dementia; it is accountable for 60% - 80% of all cases of Dementia. Dementia has been around for many years dating back to the 1900 s. Dementia refers to a group of symptomsRead MoreSmoking: The Memory Killer. Over The Years, There Has Been1411 Words à |à 6 Pagesmore harmful for your body and for your brain. When you smoke tobacco or marijuana, you are inhaling chemicals that go straight to your brain within a couple and starts to thin your cerebrum which can lead to memory loss. Memory loss is one of the early tell tale signs of Alzheimer s disease, which can be very fatal if dealt with improperly or for too long Also, when you buy a box of cigarettes or weed, youââ¬â¢re just buying a ticket to Alzheimer s. Alzheimer s can happen to you if you smoke too muchRead MoreTypes Of Dementia For Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Ateriopathy1786 Words à |à 8 Pagesdementia include vasculitis, hypertension and lesions caused due to brain hemorrhage. An autoimmune disease, lupus erythematosus and inflammatory disease temporal arteritis can also damage blood vessels resulting in dementia. 3. Lewy body dementia (LBD) Lewy body dementia (LBD) is one of the most common types of progressive dementia sporadically occurring in individuals with no known familial history of the disease. The cells of brain s cortex and substantia nigra die while the remaining cells of substantiaRead MoreThe Reason I Chose Alzheimer s Disease1617 Words à |à 7 PagesThe reason I chose Alzheimerââ¬â¢s disease (AD) as my Case Study is because it is very personal to me. My Mother-in-law, Marcia, was diagnosed with beginning stages of AD 5 years ago. We believe she went undiagnosed for a couple years before that. AD is a family disease that has a huge impact on an entire family. A year ago we moved in with my in-laws to help care for not only Marcia, but my father-in-law, Larry. Larry was Marciaââ¬â¢s sole caregiver and we noticed over the last couple of years takingRead MoreAlzheimers Disease945 Words à |à 4 PagesAlzheimerââ¬â¢s Disease Alzheimerââ¬â¢s Disease is a progressive neurological disease; it often attacks the brain tissues causing memory loss of oneââ¬â¢s identity and regular behaviors. Statistics indicates that the rate of predicted people to get Alzheimerââ¬â¢s will increase briskly as time goes on. There are currently no cures for such disastrous disease, but there are currently approved treatments available that can help people within the early stages of Alzheimerââ¬â¢s. Once the disease is too far alongRead MoreA Glance Into The Mind Of Alzheimer s Disease1766 Words à |à 8 PagesOctober 20, 2014 What would you do if you or a family member was diagnosed with Alzheimerââ¬â¢s Disease? More than 5 million senior citizens in America are living with Alzheimerââ¬â¢s. In 2002, my grandfather was diagnosed with this condition. It has changed his life and my familyââ¬â¢s lives ever since. Taking care of him is a bit challenging when you donââ¬â¢t understand the disease. Alzheimerââ¬â¢s is a progressive illness that is a type of dementia. Dementia is the decline in mental ability that is serious enoughRead MoreThe Social Construction Of Illness1399 Words à |à 6 Pagesunderstanding of health and illness is variable. The way that a society views and interprets an illness deviates from the raw, natural interpretation made by biologists and physicians. It is believed that illness, a social phenomenon, is created out of disease, a biological phenomenon, through social construction. Social construction of illness emphasizes that the meaning of illness develops through in teraction in a social context. While the medical model assumes that illness is invariant in time and Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12181384382457520320noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4068483386220812086.post-56518030181928452722020-05-12T21:41:00.001-07:002020-05-12T21:41:04.076-07:00Statistics Related to Fathers Day The history of the Fathers Day in the United States goes back over a century.à In 1909 Sonora Dodd of Spokane, Washington thought of the idea of Fatherââ¬â¢s Day. After hearing a Motherââ¬â¢s Day sermon she thought it would be appropriate to also have a day honoring fathers. Her father, in particular, deserved recognition. William Smart, Sonoraââ¬â¢s father, was a Civil War veteran, farmer, and widower who had raised six children. The third Sunday of Smartââ¬â¢s birth month of June 1910 was chosen by Spokane as the first Fatherââ¬â¢s Day. National recognition in the U.S. of Fatherââ¬â¢s Day took some time. It was not until 1966 when President Lyndon B. Johnson issued the first presidential proclamation commemorating the third Sunday in June as Fatherââ¬â¢s Day that the holiday was officially recognized nationally. Six years later, in 1972 President Richard M. Nixon signed a law making Fatherââ¬â¢s Day a permanent fixture of the third week in June. The U.S. Census Bureau collects data on a wide variety of aspects of life in the U.S. They have several statistics relating to fathers. A few of these Fathers Day statistics follow below: Fathers Day Statistics There are approximately 152 million males in the United States. Of these about 46% (70 million) are fathers.About 16% (25 million) of all males in the U.S. had children younger than 18 in 2011.In 2011 there were 1.7 million single fathers. Of these men 5% were widowed, 19% were separated, 31% were never married and 45% were divorced.In 2011 there were approximately 176,000 stay-at-home dads. These were classified as married fathers who had been out of the workforce for over a year, with a wife who works outside the home. Approximately 332,000 children were cared for by these stay-at-home days, or on average, about 1.9 children per dad.In 2010 approximately 17% of all U.S. preschoolers were cared for by their father while mom was at work.As far as a gift goes for dad on Fatherââ¬â¢s Day, there are a number of options of items to buy and places to purchase a gift. All data is from the most recent year available, 2009:There were 7,708 menââ¬â¢s clothing stores in the U.S. where yo u could buy a tie.There were 15,734 hardware stores in the U.S. where you could buy an assortment of tools. Closely related to this gift category are the 6,897 home stores around the country.There were 21,628 sporting goods stores in the U.S., which stocked popular gifts such as fishing gear and golf clubs.Just over 79 million Americans reported eating at a barbecue in 2010. Due to Fatherââ¬â¢s Day falling during prime barbecue season, many of these people ate at a barbecue on the third Sunday of June. Happy Fathers Day to all fathers out there. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12181384382457520320noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4068483386220812086.post-5959156005232814712020-05-06T12:56:00.001-07:002020-05-06T12:56:04.139-07:00Growing Up African American Free Essays I am a member of the African American group and I would like to tell you a bit about the group of when I am a part of. Let me start by saying that my African American group originated from Africa and growing up in America can be tough for people of my race, the African Americans. My groupââ¬â¢s history is wide ranging spanning for many years and varying from region to region within the United States. We will write a custom essay sample on Growing Up African American or any similar topic only for you Order Now I remember when I was young I use to talk to my mother a lot and asked her many questions like ââ¬Å"Why am I called an African American? She went on to explain that our race originally comes from Africa and we were part of a slave trade. From my mother I learned that we were slaves until a law was passed to give us freedom. I use to wonder when I was young if there were other people similar to me all over America. I also remember something my father told me once that African Americans live all over the country. My father told stories of how he used to go to an all black school could vote or sit in the front of buses. Being African Americans have faced several kinds of creation and consequence situations in the years they have been a part of the United States. In some places cheaper labor, longer work hours and terrible living conditions. Many people of the United States have made it almost impossible for groups of another race or Ethnicity to strive and live full happy lives. I have seen over the yearââ¬â¢s situations of extermination in some parts, as well segregation, and expulsion. In school from some of my teachers, in social interactions like just walking through a store, and especially in the work place when theyââ¬â¢ll even give me the chance to work because it doesnââ¬â¢t matter I go to get a job out here. There are some racist, even the Uncle Tomââ¬â¢s. Iââ¬â¢ve done everything they ask and still I either get denied the job or they hire me and treat me like Growing up African American 3 trash until I quit, or they try to find a reason to get rid of me. Since, I donââ¬â¢t give them much reason to get rid of me due to my strong work ethic and performance; they usually try to break me down. Education plays an important role for most African Americans; however we are still way behind when compared to the White American which probably has a lot to do with the way some of us was brought up or our background. Regardless of the contributions made by the forefathers of black people, there is a hesitation of acceptance of the race that has been a focus of many groups the strive for freedom and justice for all, that has not yet been rectified. The same group of people was good enough to built the country is not always seen as good enough to live in the house next door. I believe because this country is made up of many different races and ethnic groups that are steadily growing in numbers. If different races are toco exist peacefully in the U. S. , it is vital that we all become educated on the history and culture of different races and ethnicities. According to the 2000 Census data for Lexington, MS the total population for 2000 were 2,025 male 965 and female 1,060 square miles 2. 45. Race: white (635); black or African American (1,362); American Indian and Alaska Native (1); Asian (13); and two or more races (14); and Hispanic or Latino (of any race) (40) (Fact finder Census 2000). Birthplace facts from the 2000 census data in Lexington born in the same state (1,706); born in another state (269); born outside the US (0); naturalized citizen (14); and foreign born, not US citizen (10). Some more 2000 census data in educational attainment population 25 and older was 1,206 in Lexington: high school graduates (299); some college, or associateââ¬â¢s degree (349); bachelorââ¬â¢s degree (111); and masterââ¬â¢s, professional or doctorate degree (60). Some enrollment population 3 years and over Growing up African American 4 enrolled in school was 627: preschool and kindergarten (83); grades 1-12 (446); and college (98) (2000 census data). How to cite Growing Up African American, Papers Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12181384382457520320noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4068483386220812086.post-17999850331000022632020-05-03T11:03:00.001-07:002020-05-03T11:03:02.906-07:00The Potao Famine Gone But Not Forgotten free essay sample The Potao Famine: Gone But Not Forgotten Essay, Research Paper A hundred and fifty old ages ago in September, 1845, the Dublin local paper # 8220 ; Dublin Evening Post # 8221 ; , reported a # 8220 ; disease in the murphy harvest # 8221 ; . This turned out to be the murphy blight which destroyed 40 % of the harvest that twelvemonth and about 100 % the following twelvemonth. The devatation was known as # 8220 ; The Great Hunger # 8221 ; and resulted in broad spread famishment and mass out-migration to Britain and the Americas. As a consequence, the population declined from @ 8,295,000 to less so 6,000,000 in a few old ages. In 1845 a fungous disease called the late blight, appeared in the Irish murphy harvest with annihilating consequences. The late blight manifests itself in any portion of the works. Discoloration of the foliages accompainied by downy mold is sometimes the first mark. The tubers may besides be infected in the feild or in storage, with stain of the tegument, with a ruddy brown dry putrefaction widening to the tuber. We will write a custom essay sample on The Potao Famine Gone But Not Forgotten or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Later a slimy, disgusting smelling putrefaction may destruct the tuber. It is now known that the blight is caused by the fungus Phytophtora infestans an Oomycete which Bel ; ongs to the household Pythiaceae. This species is characterized by coenocytic mycelium and theproduction of biflagellate, motile zoospores. The fungus is heterothallic and can reproduce sexually in the presence of an opposite coupling type. Sexual reproduction follows fertilisation of an oogonium by an antheridium ensuing in the production of an oospore. Overwintering can be in the signifier of resting mtcelium or oospores. After sprouting both will ensue in the production of spore case which can shoot straight by agencies of a germ tubing or indirectly by agencies of the motile zoospores. Germination is followed by encystment and appresorium formation. Phytohphtora infestans besides affected potato harvests in the nor-east United States and Southern Canada every bit good as much of western Europe iin add-on to Ireland in 1845, but the effects were nowhere nigh every bit devestating as in Ireland because in those topographic points the diet was much more diversified and the people were non so dependent on the murphy. Although it happened 150 old ages ago, the Irish have non forgotten # 8221 ; The Great Hunger # 8221 ; . Because of the influence of conditions on the developement and spread of the late blight, the Irish Meterological Services continues to air warnings of conditions prefering the spread of murphy blight. Furthermore, the Irish people have gained a repute for lending forces and resources in aread of the universe presently confronting dearth, good out of proportion to the size and economic system of their little island. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12181384382457520320noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4068483386220812086.post-60807697792247310042020-03-26T04:28:00.001-07:002020-03-26T04:28:02.956-07:00Louis Simpsons The Battle Formalist Criticism Introduction Born on 27th March, 1923, Louis Aston Marantz Simpson is one of Americaââ¬â¢s best know poets. He has won many awards in his field, including the 1964ââ¬â¢s Pulitzer Prize for Poetry. The latter was in recognition for one of his works, At The End of the Open Road. Born in Jamaica, his family migrated to the United States of America while he was 17.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Louis Simpsonââ¬â¢s The Battle: Formalist Criticism specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For two years (between 1943 and 1945), he fought for America during World War II. This experience shaped most of his works when he started writing after the war. He served as a messenger between his companyââ¬â¢s headquarters and the soldiers fighting on the front line. Most of his poems and other works are narratives of his experiences as a messenger. The Battle is one of his well known poems that depict the experiences of a mes senger on the front line. In four stanzas and sixteen lines, Louis takes the reader through the horrors of war, which is the major theme of this poem. In this paper, the author is going to provide the reader with a critique of this poem. The poem will be critiqued using the formalist criticism theory. Among the issues that will be addressed in this critique is the structure and organization of the poem, the way the poem begins and how it proceeds from the beginning. The author will also look at how the poem ends, the plot of the work and how this plot is related to the structure of the poem. The Battle: Structure and Organization of the Poem The poem is structured in four stanzas and sixteen lines (Poetry365 1-16). Louis seems to be seeking for a balance in the structure of the poem. This is given the fact that each of the stanzas is made up of four lines, mimicking the four stanzas of the poem. This creates some semblance of proportionality between the stanzas and the whole poem. H owever, the structure of the lines is not uniform throughout the poem. For example, some of the lines are made of two sentences separated by a full stop, a case in point been the second line ââ¬Å"Marched through a forest. Somewhere up aheadâ⬠(Poetry360 2). Others are made of single sentences separated by a comma, for example the first line ââ¬Å"Helmet and rifle, pack and overcoatâ⬠(Poetry360 1). Still, other lines are made of a single, solid and unbroken sentence, for example the 6th line ââ¬Å"into the clammy earth between the treesâ⬠(Poetry360 6). Beginning of the Poem Louis begins the poem by providing the reader with an imagery of a soldier. Though he does not mention the word soldier anywhere, the selection of words in the first line leaves no doubt that the poet is talking of a soldier. He begins by ââ¬Å"Helmet and rifle, pack and overcoatâ⬠(Poetry360 1).Advertising Looking for essay on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The soldier described in this line is obviously headed for combat, and this is made clear by the inclusion of ââ¬Å"rifleâ⬠in his cargo. It is also made clear that the weather is cold, and that is why the soldier carries an overcoat. It is probably in winter, and the soldier is headed to the battle line. Where does it go? The tone that Louis starts with in the first stanza is maintained throughout the poem for the larger part. For example, he starts by using imagery, and this appears in the other stanzas of the poem. For example, in the eleventh line, he talks of ââ¬Å"â⬠¦.The snow was blackâ⬠(Poetry360 11). Snow is generally white, but by describing it as ââ¬Å"black snowâ⬠, Louis conjures in the readerââ¬â¢s mind an image of snow with its purity interfered with by the flow of blood from the fallen and injured soldiers. The poem starts with a description of the soldier embarking from the camp and to the fr ont line. The poem continues to trace the journey of the soldier into the woods, towards the battle field. In the third stanza, Louis describes how the soldier, now on the front line, faces the ââ¬Å"â⬠¦.(the) shells and bullets (sweeping) the icy woodsâ⬠(Poetry360 10). The poem paints a horrific picture of what the soldier goes through in the battle field. How does the Poem End? The poem ends with the persona telling the reader what they remembered about the battle. It appears that the persona is not involved in combat; he assumes the tone of a bystander. He describes the appearance of the soldiers, ââ¬Å"The tiredness in (their) eyes, (and) how hands looked thinâ⬠(Poetry360 14). The only bright thin about the soldierââ¬â¢s appearance is the bright ember around their cigar. The poem closes with the line ââ¬Å"â⬠¦., and the bright ember (of the cigarette)/Would pulse with all the life there was withinâ⬠(Poetry360 15, 16). This line creates an image of a soldier, who is as frail as the ember of the cigarette he is smoking. The Plot The poem gives the story of soldiers leaving the camp to go to the battle field. Armed with their rifles, they march through the forest, and towards the sound of thudding guns. The story given in this poem does not seem to paint a good picture regarding the battle. The poet describes scenes full of ââ¬Å"black snowâ⬠, and if the black color can be taken as the color of coagulated blood on the snow, then it seems there was a lot of bloodshed. Relationship of the Poemââ¬â¢s Plot to its Structure Some comparisons can be drawn between the plot of the poem and its structure. As earlier indicated, the poem structure appears balanced, with four stanzas with four lines each. However, this is in contrast with the plot of the poem. There is nothing balanced about the life of the soldier, or the battle that is being fought. If there was balance in the society, maybe the war would have been unnecessary.Ad vertising We will write a custom essay sample on Louis Simpsonââ¬â¢s The Battle: Formalist Criticism specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, it can be said that the soldiers in the battle and the war in general, is aimed at achieving some balance in the society, balance like that of the poemââ¬â¢s structure. The contradiction between the poemââ¬â¢s structure and the plot extends to individual lines in the poem. For example, in describing the soldier going to war in line 1, the poet describes the soldier putting on his fatigues and taking his weapons from back to front. For example, one would expect the soldier to first put on the overcoat, then heist his pack on his soldiers, take the rifle and finally put on the helmet. But Louis does not see it this way. Instead, the soldier first wears the ââ¬Å"Helmet (then takes the) rifle, pack and overcoatâ⬠(Poetry360 1). Conclusion In his poem The Battle, Louis describes soldiers going to the battle line, and what transpires there. The major theme in the poem is the horrors of war. This paper criticized the poem from a formalist perspective. Among the aspects of the poem addressed is the beginning and ending of the poem, the plot of the poem and how the poem is related to its structure. Works Cited Poetry365. The Battle, Louis Simpson. Poetry365. August 9, 2009. Web. This essay on Louis Simpsonââ¬â¢s The Battle: Formalist Criticism was written and submitted by user Carolyn S. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12181384382457520320noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4068483386220812086.post-2934677545708471092020-03-06T16:21:00.001-08:002020-03-06T16:21:03.247-08:001800s Social Work Essays1800s Social Work Essays 1800s Social Work Essay 1800s Social Work Essay Nineteenth century America was a time of urbanization, industrialization, immigration, overcrowding and as a result, poverty. During this time, social policy was relatively non-existent and financial assistance was the sole responsibility of private or public charities. Women did not have rights or economic independence, as they were typically considered the property of their husbands. During this time, a woman with three children who was abandoned by her husband would receive little or no financial assistance; she may fall under the category of the ââ¬Å"unworthyâ⬠poor, as she was not a widow, elderly or physically disabled. The assistance of this women may have changed from the early to late nineteenth century, as feminists such as Elizabeth Cady Stanton began to advocate for social reform, and others such as Jane Adams became concerned with the social well being of women. From the beginning to late 1800ââ¬â¢s some social reform took place and the federal government began to implement various programs and institutions to assist in the financial well being of the poor. Early 1800ââ¬â¢s During the early 1800ââ¬â¢s, there werenââ¬â¢t any significant federal programs aimed at assisting the poor. Financial aid was allocated as the responsibility of the local community, local government, or religious charity. People were expected to work and take care of their families unless they were elderly, sick or widowed; these were labeled the ââ¬Å"worthyâ⬠poor in need of assistance. Women were the ââ¬Å"propertyâ⬠if their husbands and typically performed work inside of the home to contribute to the financial well being of the family. They were responsible for the production of cloth, clothing and shoes. Additionally, there werenââ¬â¢t any limitations on the working hours, wages or conditions for women and children. During this time, a mother of three abandoned by her husband would have received little or no assistance. She would not fall under the classification of the ââ¬Å"worthyâ⬠poor, as she was not a widow, elderly or sick. It is possible that her or her children would work in mills under dangerous conditions and long hours, if her children were over the age of three; child labor was prevalent during this time period. If a white woman was unable to financially support her children, they may become apprentices to families who can support them. This served as an educational opportunity for children to learn a trade. Collectively, an able bodied poor person, such as an abandoned woman was deemed ââ¬Å"lazy and sinfulâ⬠and may have been sent to a workhouse through enforced labor. As the nineteenth century progressed, industrialization spurred the continued migration to urban cities in search of training and work; this led to overcrowding and poverty. Poverty was primarily blamed on the individual. If a woman with three children needed assistance, any community organizations of the time would assume that the problem was intra-psychic and there was a moral deficiency. To address this concern, middle class reformers felt that the betterment of cities could be achieved through moral reconstitution of individuals and families. Several ââ¬Å"moral buildingâ⬠organizations were created; the New York Association for Improving the conditions of the Poor was established in 1843. Male volunteers would offer religious teachings, work to get the poor to abstain from alcohol, become more self-disciplined and acquire the Protestant Work Ethic. As a result, a woman abandoned by her husband would receive moral teachings in her home rather than any financial assistance. Mid 1800ââ¬â¢s Towards the 1840ââ¬â¢s, advocates of social reform began to voice their concerns regarding poverty. Dorothea Dix spoke of the need for separate facilities for adult offenders, juveniles and the mentally ill. She also suggested that the Federal government be responsible for the mentally ill and provide them with treatment through hospitalization. In 1845, the first state asylum for the mentally ill was established in Trenton New Jersey. In 1848 she proposed that the federal government give financial assistance to states to build hospitals for the mentally ill and the legislation was passed. However, in 1854 the legislation was vetoed and welfare responsibility was returned to the states. Also in 1848, feminists such as Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton convened at the Seneca Falls Convention to declare a goal of equal rights and opportunity in education, employment and legal rights. This would challenge the limited opportunities that existed for an abandoned mother of three. She would have been limited in her education, employment opportunities and political standing. Towards the middle of the century, education increased and the views regarding childrenââ¬â¢s needs began to change. In an effort to provide education and shelter to needy children, Charles Loring Brace founded the Childrenââ¬â¢s Aid Society in 1853 New York. He felt that the urban environment was dangerous to children due to crime and delinquency. This organization could have given devastating consequences to an abandoned woman with three children because it was the elementary form of modern foster care. The Childrenââ¬â¢s Aid Society would remove children from families who could not provide ââ¬Å"proper careâ⬠for their children. They would then transport these children to families in rural areas in an effort to provide opportunities in a new, ââ¬Å"saferâ⬠environment. A woman deserted by her husband could have very easily been considered and unfit parent, as she requested financial assistance from her counterparts. During this time period, she would be in danger of having her children taken from her care and given to an unfamiliar family where she would no longer be able to contact them. The Childrenââ¬â¢s Aid Society transported over 50,000 children in a period of 25 years; these children typically became runaways. In 1864, Frederic Le Play completed the first scientific study of poverty; he investigated its causes, consequences and possible solutions. This study may have provided evidence that poverty is not the sole blame of the individual. After the time of the Civil War, 1861-65, the political climate called for a need of health services for the wounded soldiers, as well as the families of the deceased. Many slaves were freed but lacked any education, health care or employment opportunities. Due to this deficiency, the federal government began to take responsibility for the people. In 1865, the Freedmanââ¬â¢s Bureau was established; it was the first federal welfare agency and provided health care, education, housing for the freed slaves. In1872, the Bureau ended because the Federal government did not want to facilitate welfare. Late 1800ââ¬â¢s Towards the late nineteenth century, ideas of Social Darwinism began to influence society. It was believed those able to work would thrive and live successfully whereas those who werenââ¬â¢t would fail and perish; it was survival of the fittest and intervention for the poor was felt to go against nature. For this reason, financial assistance was not provided to the needy. Middle class reformers continued to assume individual flaws caused poverty. Lack of morals continued to be blamed for the conditions of the poor. However, people began to understand that certain environmental factors were responsible as well and felt that the poor needed some guidance. In 1877, Reverend Steven Gurteen established the first Charity Organization Society in Buffalo, NY, in an effort to serve as an organizing body for all private charities. This organization developed a list of the poor served in their communities so that each person would be limited to services from one charity. In this case, the woman with three children would not be able to reach out to more than one private charity, as her services were recorded. This woman would receive services from the ââ¬Å"friendly visitorâ⬠. This was typically a middle-class female volunteer who would visit the home to investigate the living conditions and reasons for poverty. The ââ¬Å"friendly visitorâ⬠would come to the home of the woman, inquire about the reasons for which her husband deserted her and teach her about the moral values of the middle class. The goal was to ââ¬Å"fixâ⬠the immoral environment so that the woman would be able to uplift herself from circumstance and become able to adequately care for her home and children. She would be given advice on how to correct her problems. Additionally, they would record information about the woman and return it to their agency to better understand life in the slum. The ââ¬Å"friendly visitorsâ⬠seldom had knowledge or experience with the poor, which caused a huge, disconnect between them and their clients; often the clients suffered from decreased self-esteem. By 1890, there were 4,000 practicing ââ¬Å"friendly visitorsâ⬠. The recording practices of the visitors led to a better understanding of poverty and its causes. It became understood that the sole responsibility does not fall on the individual. By the end of the 19th century, immigration increased and overcrowding was at its peak. There was a deficit in housing and education. In response, the first settlement house, the Neighborhood Guild, was opened in New York in 1886. In 1889, Jane Adams and Ellen Gates Starr opened the most influential settlement house, known as Hull House. This would have been the first helpful opportunity presented to a mother of three who was deserted by her husband. At Hull House, she would be given a home to live in without the cost of rent. The residents at Hull House were primarily women and immigrants. ââ¬Å"In 1891, Florence Kelley Wischnewetzky was fleeing from her husband and seeking refuge for herself and her three children, ages six, five, and four. ââ¬ËWe were welcomed as though we had been invited,ââ¬â¢ she wrote thirty-five years later in her memoirsâ⬠¦Jane Adams supplied Kelley with room, board and employment. â⬠Hull house provided families with daycare and kindergarten services, education and training for residents, culture nights to become familiar with various cultures, a library and entertainment. Additionally, women in settlement houses worked to advocate for housing, public health care and improved working conditions for men, women and children. The Hull House residents conducted campaigns, which led to the passing of legislature, which mandated an eight-hour workday for women and children in Illinois. As knowledge of the poor grew through work in the settlement houses and friendly visitors, a growing need for a formal education was presented. In 1898 the first school for social workers was established, The New York School of Philanthropy (Columbia University). Conclusion In the 1800s, a woman with three children deserted by her husband would have faced many hardships in obtaining any financial assistance. Social welfare and charity were the responsibility of the community and the needy were distinguished based on their ââ¬Å"worthinessâ⬠. Able-bodied unemployed people were considered unworthy and sinful. For this reason, moral teaching was the primary means of relief. However, as the 19th century progressed and urbanization led to an increase in poverty, social reformers such as Jane Addams began to take notice and advocated for the need to assist immigrants in obtaining housing, heath care, and employment. Throughout the century, the federal government assumed some responsibility for the welfare of the people, as in the Freedmanââ¬â¢s Bureau but would abruptly re-delegate the responsibility to the states. However, the creation of the Charity Organization Society demonstrated that social welfare relief was evolving to become an increasingly centralized institution. The 1890ââ¬â¢s settlement movement would be the first major form of assistance for a deserted mother of three, where she would be able to obtain much needed services for her and her children. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12181384382457520320noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4068483386220812086.post-84639361093312543552020-02-19T07:47:00.001-08:002020-02-19T07:47:02.958-08:00Puerto Rico Court System Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 wordsPuerto Rico Court System - Research Paper Example There are various weaknesses that could be acknowledged out of the current judicial systems and this is as documented by Griffin and Abbot (2006). Understanding the strengths and the weaknesses would undoubtedly go a long way in informing what should constitute a desirable judicial system. One of the strong points in Griffin and Abbot (2006) is that they develop a comparative approach to judicial systems, and this approach is advantageous because it does not only give examples of flaws in practice that should be addressed but also some strengths that could be adopted, such as by newly established states. According to Griffin and Abbot (2006), U.S judicial system is constituted in a federal manner whereby each state within the federation has a different judicial system. Under the state court system, one is regarded innocent until proven guilty. This implies that the burden to prove oneââ¬â¢s innocence lies with the state and not the person being accused. The system is made stronger because it is the responsibility of the state to find someone guilty thus making a person optimistic about their innocence prevailing. Another aspect of this judicial process is that a criminal is assured of a fair, quick trial as well as enjoy the privilege of being judged by jurists. This means that not a single judge can decide on oneââ¬â¢s fate as it is the case in other countries. It also implies that a person who is innocent has all the evidence evaluated prior to making the sentence. These elements are undoubtedly the strong points of judicial systems and inform any benchmark to constitute a de sirable court system such as for a newly established state... These elements are undoubtedly the strong points of judicial systems and inform any benchmark to constitute a desirable court system such as for a newly established state. However, there is a limitation to this in the sense that much of the evidence may be suspended due to the procedure. A cop collecting evidence must do so according to set down statutes otherwise they could be done away with. In this case, evidence on tape cannot be taken into consideration if the accused was not aware that a recording was taking place as he was being interrogated by the police. This has led to guilty people walking away scot-free for crimes they have committed. This is because the passing of sentence is recommended by the same panel of jurists who determined his or her case the process becomes fair. Furthermore, the process gives judges a lot of freedom when sentencing criminals. Reeves (2008), cites examples of cases where two people get different timeframes when they have committed the same felon y. That tends to be one of the shortcomings of the state judicial process. The article proposes one guideline, neither should there be minimum nor maximum sentence.Unfortunately, discrimination when passing maximum sentence seems to be confined to black males, as the majority of the population gets fair sentencing.à Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12181384382457520320noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4068483386220812086.post-22992284626445811552020-02-04T06:13:00.001-08:002020-02-04T06:13:04.219-08:00Outline the development of global ecotourism over the last 30 years EssayOutline the development of global ecotourism over the last 30 years. What has fuelled its rise What challenges has it faced - Essay Example This enables subsequent generations to experience regions relatively undisturbed with by human activities. A number of university courses utilize this explanation as the functioning definition of ecotourism. In general, ecotourism contends with the functioning components of the natural habitat. It concentrates on environmental sustainability, socially responsible travel, and personal growth. It characteristically entails travel to areas where cultural heritage, flora, and fauna are the chief attractions (Fennell 1999, p. 7). This paper will look at the objectives and development of global ecotourism over the last 30 years, what has caused its development and the challenges it faces. Objectives Ecotourism is about sustainable travel, uniting communities, and conservation. In addition, ecotourism has a number of objectives. First, it aims to lessen impact; ecotourism is aimed at providing insight to tourists on the effects of human beings activities on the surrounding, and to promote a better awareness of the natural environment thus decreasing effects. Second, it aims at building cultural and environmental respect and awareness. This means that both natives and travellers will have personal development while taking care of the environment. Third, ecotourism intends to give positive experiences for both hosts and visitors through explorations in isolated areas. Fourth, it aims to offer absolute financial advantages for conservation; the money got from the travels will help take care of these regions. Fifth, ecotourism seeks to enhance understanding to environmental, social, and political climate of host nations; travellers have the opportunity to comprehend different cultures and origins. Finally, ecotourism intends to appreciate local culture through gaining knowledge of the different practices (Page & Dowling 2002, p. 26). In general, ecotourism entails processes that lessen the negative components of regular tourism on the habitat and promote the cultural vera city of the native people. Therefore, ecotourism frequently interests advocates of social and environmental responsibility. Development of Ecotourism Ecotourism and additional forms of sustainable travel have their foundations in 1970, with the environmental movement. Individually, ecotourism did not become popular as a travel notion till the end of 1980. During this period, escalating environmental consciousness and an urge to travel to natural areas as opposed to manmade tourist areas made ecotourism attractive. Since that time, a number of organizations focusing in ecotourism have been created and a number of individuals have become ecotourism professionals. In July 1983, Hector Ceballos-Lascurain developed and advanced the expression ecotourism when he was both the president of PRONATURA and the director general of Standards and Technology of SEDUE. PRONATURA was pushing for the preservation of the wetlands in the north part of Yucatan as feeding and breeding areas of the Americ an Flamingo. There is also an assertion that ecotourism was employed in previous times. It is claimed that an adventurer and academic, Claus-Dieter Hetzer, developed the phrase in 1965. It is also argued that he was the first person to run ecotours in the Yucatan region in the early parts of 1970. Moreover, sustainable development, ecotourism, jungle tourism, and responsible tourism have become widespread notions since the middle periods of 1980. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12181384382457520320noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4068483386220812086.post-9480060518137069782020-01-27T02:37:00.001-08:002020-01-27T02:37:06.240-08:00Cushings Syndrome: Causes and SymptomsCushings Syndrome: Causes and Symptoms The human body is an advance piece of machinery which possesses many organs and systems that regulate the numerous processes that keeps every part functioning to sustain normal life or Homeostasis. In the event that any of these numerous processes occur unchecked with absolutely no controlling limits it results in a physiological disorder, syndrome or disease; each of these syndromes have characteristic effects on the human anatomy which can be manifested physically of which some can be controlled or cured. Cushings syndrome, which is a hormonal disorder caused by the prolonged exposure of body tissues to high levels of the hormone cortisol and is frequently referred to as hypercortisolism. Cushings syndrome is relatively rare and most commonly affects adults aged 20 to 50 years, people who are obese and have type 2 diabetes, along with poorly controlled blood glucose also called blood sugar-and high blood pressure, have an increased risk of developing the disorder. Cortisol is a very important hormone as job is to help the body respond to stress. Most people suffering from depression, alcoholism, malnutrition, or panic disorders also have increased cortisol levels. Causes Physiological The cause of Cushings syndrome is divided into two groups base upon whether the problem is being caused by a defective pituitary gland, which is a small gland located on the ventral side of the brain or by the adrenal glands which are located on the superior lopes of the kidneys. Cushings syndrome is caused when the bodys tissue are exposed high volumes of the hormone cortisol for extremely long durations of time. Many individuals have developed Cushings syndrome as a result of use or consumption of products that contain glucocorticoids. Glucocorticoids are steroid hormones that are structurally similar naturally produced to cortisol e.g. prednisone, which is contained in most asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus and other inflammatory disease medications. Glucocorticoids also have properties which also allow them to be used to suppress the immune system after organ or tissue transplants to keep the body from rejecting the new organ or tissue. Some people develop Cushings syndrome as a result of their bodies inability to produce adequate amounts of the hormone cortisol. The normally production of cortisol follows an exact and precise chain of events. In the hypothalamus, a part of the brain the size of a small sugar cube, it releases corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH) to the pituitary gland. Corticotrophin causes the pituitary gland to secrete adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH), which in returns stimulates the adrenal glands. When the adrenals, which are located just above the superior lobes of the kidneys, receive the ACTH, they respond by releasing cortisol into the bloodstream. Cortisol is very important to the body because it is required to perform vital tasks in the body which include helping to maintain blood pressure and cardiovascular function, reduction of the immune systems inflammatory response, the balancing of the effects of insulin, which breaks down glucose for energy and the regulation of the metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates and fats. Cortisol is very important to the for its role in many processes but its most important role is to help the body cope with stress and it is for this reason well trained athletes and pregnant women have high levels of the hormone circulating within their blood. In most cases individuals suffering from alcoholism, malnutrition and or panic disorders may also have increased cortisol levels. Under normal circumstances, when the cortisol levels are near normal levels the hypothalamus and pituitary release less CRH and ACTH. This ensures that the level of cortisol in the blood released by the adrenals is the exact balance to meet the bodys normal requirements. There are four common types of Cushings syndrome and each is caused by different factors e.g. pituitary adenomas, adrenal tumors, ectopic ACTH syndrome and Familial Cushings syndrome. Of the four different types of cushings syndrome, cases of familial cushings syndrome occurs more frequently. Most cases of familial cushings syndrome are not are not inherited genetically, however some cases are the result of gene which causes the development of tumors on one or more glands of the endocrine system which releases hormones into the bloodstream. There are some exceptions e.g. with primary pigmented micronodular adrenal disease, which is developed in children or young adults which develop small cortisol producing tumors on the adrenal glands. There are occurrences where multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN), where hormone secreting tumors develop on the parathyroid glands, pancreas and pituitary. In cushings syndrome caused by adrenal tumors, an abnormality of the adrenal glands causes the cushings syndrome. The adrenal tumor develops four to five times more in females than in males and begins at approximately at age forty. Most cases of adrenal tumors involve noncancerous tissues of the adrenal glands and are called adrenal adenomas and are responsible for the release of additional cortisol into the blood. In the case of adrenocortical carcinomas, the cancerous form of adrenal tumors, the cancer cells release additional volumes of several types of adrenal androgens or male hormones which may include cortisol. The adrenocortical carcinomas are usually responsible for very high hormone levels and rapid development of symptoms. In Ectopic ACTH syndrome which is another cause of cushings syndrome, in some cases it is benign and in most caused by cancerous tumors that develop on the external surface of the pituitary and is capable of producing adrenocorticotropic hormone. Lung tumors are known to be associated with increased risks of development of ectopic ACTH as it was present in more than half of all occurrences and is known to be more prevalent males than in females. The most prolific form of adrenocorticotropic hormone producing tumors is minute cell lung cancer and accounts for approximately thirteen percent of all lung cancer cases and carcinoid tumors, which are small, slow growing tumors that develop from hormone producing cells in various parts of the body. There are other less common types of tumors which possess the ability to produce adrenocorticotropic hormone e.g. thymomas, medullary carcinomas of the thyroid and pancreatic islet cell tumors. In most cases of Cushings syndrome seventy percent are caused by the development of pituitary adenomas and these statistics excluded instances where it is caused by glucocorticoid use. This type of benign, or noncancerous tumor of the pituitary gland is responsible for the secretion of additional adrenocorticotropic hormone into the bloodstream. In most instances persons afflicted by this disorder have a single adenoma and is referred to as Cushings disease and it is known to affect women five more than men. Biochemical Diagnosis of Cushings syndrome To diagnose Cushings syndrome several factors are taken into consideration; a person medical history, physical examinations and laboratory test. In diagnosing cushings syndrome the most commonly used test are the 24-hour urinary free cortisol test, measurement of midnight plasma cortisol or late night salivary cortisol and low dose dexamethasone suppression test. In some instances an additional test dexamethasone corticotrophin releasing hormone test may be needed to differentiate Cushings syndrome from causes of excess. The 24 hour urinary cortisol level test consists of the collection of several urine samples over a 24 hour period and these samples are tested for cortisol. If the cortisol levels are higher than fifty to one hundred micrograms a day for an adult, this suggests that the individual has Cushings syndrome. From laboratory to laboratory the normal upper limit varies depending on which technique is used. The second test that may be used to diagnose Cushings syndrome is Midnight plasma cortisol and late-night salivary cortisol measurements. This test measures cortisol concentrations in the blood. In normal individuals Cortisol production is normally restricted at night, but in Cushings syndrome, this restriction does not occur. If cortisol level in the individual is more than 50 nano-moles per liter (nmol/L), then the individual may have Cushings syndrome. This test usually requires a 48-hour hospital stay to avoid falsely elevated cortisol levels due to stress. Another utilized I the diagnosis of Cushings is the Low-dose dexamethasone suppression test (LDDST). In this test, the individual is given a low dose of dexamethasone, which is a synthetic glucocorticoid, orally every 6 hours for 2 days. Urine samples are collected before dexamethasone is administered and several times on each day of the test. The modified Low-dose dexamethasone suppression test uses a onetime overnight dose. Cortisol and other glucocorticoids signal the pituitary to release less ACTH, so the normal response after taking dexamethasone is a drop in blood and urine cortisol levels. If cortisol levels do not drop, Cushings syndrome is suspected. In some instances Low-dose dexamethasone suppression test may not show a drop in cortisol levels in people with depression, alcoholism, high estrogen levels, acute illness, or stress, which will falsely indicate Cushings syndrome. In some instances, drugs such as phenytoin and phenobarbital may cause cortisol levels to drop, fal sely indicating that Cushings is not present in people who actually have the syndrome and it is for this reason, physicians usually advise their patients to stop taking these drugs at least 1 week before the test. The last test used to diagnose Cushings syndrome is the Dexamethasone-corticotrophin-releasing hormone (Crh) test. There are some exclusion to the rule as some individuals have high cortisol levels but do not develop the progressive effects of Cushings syndrome, such as muscle weakness, fractures, and thinning of the skin. These people may have pseudo-Cushings syndrome, which is a condition sometimes found in people who have depression or anxiety disorders, persons who drink alcohol excessively, have poorly controlled diabetes, or are severely obese. Pseudo-Cushings does not have the same long-term effects on health as Cushings syndrome and does not require treatment directed at the endocrine glands. The dexamethasone-CRH test is used to rapidly distinguish pseudo-Cushing from mild cases of Cushings syndrome. This test combines the Low-dose dexamethasone suppression test and a CRH stimulation test. In the CRH stimulation test, an injection of CRH causes the pituitary gland to secrete ACTH. Pretreatment with dexamethasone prevents CRH from causing an increase in cortisol in people with pseudo-Cushing. Elevations of cortisol during this test suggest usually Cushings syndrome. Tests to Find the Cause of Cushings Syndrome Once a positive diagnosis of Cushings syndrome has been obtained, other tests are performed to locate the cause of the abnormality that leads to excess cortisol production. The choice of test depends, in part, on the preference of the endocrinologist or the center where the test is performed. A CRH test is performed, without pretreatment with dexamethasone, this helps separate people with pituitary adenomas from those with ectopic ACTH syndrome or adrenal tumors. As a result of the CRH injection, people with pituitary adenomas usually experience a rise in blood levels of ACTH and cortisol because CRH acts directly on the pituitary. This response is rarely seen in people with ectopic ACTH syndrome and practically never in those with adrenal tumors. A high-dose dexamethasone suppression test (hDDST) may also be used as well. The A high-dose dexamethasone suppression test is the same as the LDDST, except it uses higher doses of dexamethasone. This test helps separate persons with excess ACTH due to pituitary adenomas from those with ectopic ACTH-producing tumors. A high dose of dexamethasone suppresses cortisol levels in people with pituitary adenomas but not in those with ectopic ACTH-producing tumors. Another test that may be used is radiological imaging of the endocrine glands. This test utilizes the use of computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to reveal the size and shape of the pituitary and adrenal glands to determine if a tumor is present. Imaging tools are used to locate the tumor after a positive diagnosis of Cushings syndrome. Imaging is not used to make the diagnosis of Cushings syndrome since benign tumors are commonly found in the pituitary and adrenal glands. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12181384382457520320noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4068483386220812086.post-76220569046098215832020-01-18T22:59:00.001-08:002020-01-18T22:59:03.310-08:00City of KelseyCity of Kelsey In the city of Kelsey there are a variety of people that live here. We are an enormous community with doctors, farmers, bankers, right down to your everyday blue collar workers and many more. The residents in the community have many different jobs. We have people that work the farms, teach our children, work the mills and those that are here to serve and protect us such as the police officers, firefighters and ambulance personnel essay writer vancouver.The community offers up a variety of opportunities for our members to gather together and socialize such the local fairs, where there are many chances for the members of the community to socialize and fellowship. The local mall also offers up a wide array of terrific shops and plenty of activities for community members to join in and have fun. The city has a nice blend of many different cultures and ethnicity which allows people of a race or culture to feel comfortable within.Each member of the community participates by helping and giving back to the community by volunteering their time, monies or resources that they have available. It is not a must that each member is required to give back, because as we all know there are always those that are less fortunate than others or perhaps could be struggling. The community members are to pull resources together to lend a helping hand where needed to those that need it. As a socially responsible community member I am compassionate and caring and respect my neighbors.I do my part to lend a helping hand whether it is acknowledged or not. I do my best to volunteer when I can, donate money or resources for a cause and actively work hard at being a good person. I take the time out of my life to make time for someone else or to give back to those that have done so much for the community. My family and friends are a top priority in my life, so I take the time to welcome new faces in the neighborhood, as well as keeping in touch with and caring for those that hav e lived in the community for years. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12181384382457520320noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4068483386220812086.post-10354071849121721942020-01-10T19:23:00.001-08:002020-01-10T19:23:03.356-08:00Mary’s Maids Cleaning ServicesRunning Head: MARYââ¬â¢S MAIDS Maryââ¬â¢s Maids Cleaning Services Prepared for Vicki Long Keller Submitted by Shunta Dorrough On March 21, 2010 Table of Contents Executive Summary â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦3 Mission Objectives Product/ Services Description Situation Analysis â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦.. 4 Target Market â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ 6 Competitor & Substitutes â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦. 7 Pricing â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â ¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ 8 Channels of Distribution â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ Promotion â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ Promotion Budget â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ Executive Summary Mary Maids Cleaning Services (MMCS) is a residential house cleaning service serving upper-class families in Plano, TX. Through generous human capital investments, MMCS will exceed our customer's expectations. We will be servicing the wealthy single-income households and affluent two-income households. These targeted families will be willing to pay a premium for our service because of the high level of professionalism and trustworthiness that we offer, not replicated by any of our competition. MMCS projected growth rate isà very high each year with respectableà profit margins as a percentage of sales. MHCS will be a home-based business. By the end of year one, MHCS will have five additional employees. There are many options for maid services, but there is only one that stands out as the best Mary Maids that is. Mary Maids Cleaning Service's mission ââ¬Å"Is to provide the customer with all residential cleaning services in an environmentally sound, completely trustworthy, and professional manner. We exist to attract and maintain customers. When we adhere to this maxim, everything else will fall into place. Our services will exceed the expectations of our customers. Mary Maids Cleaning Service's objectives for the first four years of operation include: â⬠¢ To create a service based company whose #1 goal is exceeding customer's expectations. â⬠¢ To increase our number of clients served by 20% per year through superior service. â⬠¢ To develop a sustainable home-based business, living off its own cash flow. â⬠¢ The utilization of Mary Maids Cleaning Service on a regular basis by at least 30% of theà leads that contact us for more information. Product/ Services Description Situation Analysis MMCS will offer a wide range of services to the residential client, from general room cleaning to child/pet disasters which can go hand in hand. We will be going after the upper end of the market, typically the affluent whose spouse does not have a full-time job but chooses to do other things with his/her time, orà the two income family who chooses not to clean the home themselves. The business will be based out of the CEO Mary Blanktripââ¬â¢s home office. Between the hours of 6AM-8AM Mary will work onà scheduling, estimates, inventory, ordering, and customer care management. The home office will include a computer, land phone line, and a fax machine. From 9AM-5PM Mary will clean homes until additional staff is hired. Mary Maids Cleaning Service's start-up costs include equipment needed for a home-based business (Exhibit 1),à initial legal fees, marketing fees, cleaning equipment and supplies, uniforms, and signs for employee vehicles. Employee expense is a commercial vacuum cleaner and assorted brooms, mops, and chemicals (biodegradable). SWOT Strengths CEO of Mary Maids Cleaning Services was a stay at home mom for 25 years â⬠¢ Mary understands what it takes to balance home, children, and work â⬠¢ Mary will achieve this high level of service through extensive training and a continuous learning process Weakness â⬠¢ Major competition Molly Maids â⬠¢ New company to the area â⬠¢ First time business owner Opportunit y â⬠¢ MMCS will be qualifying leads over the phone with estimates â⬠¢ MMCS will arrange aà in house meetings to give estimates â⬠¢ The sales process will begin through the qualification of leads generated from our marketing campaign Threats Balancing the whole business (includes office paper work & cleaning services) â⬠¢ Getting customers to trust new business owner Target Market Mary Maids Cleaning Service will provide a residential house cleaning service for the upper end of the market. We will have two target customers: 1. The affluent that does not work, but is not inclined to do housework. To many a maid/house cleaner is a symbol of wealth, and this idea symbolizes this group of customers. 2. The two-income households whose opportunity costs are too great to spend time cleaning the house. MMCS offers house cleaning to these targeted customers. House cleaning ranges from cleaning of standard rooms such as kitchen, bathrooms, bedrooms, as well as more unusual jobs like small disasters from children and pets. The first is the affluent where only one spouse works. Although the other spouse is at home and has time to clean, he/she chooses not too. This spouse would rather volunteer for a public interest organization, play tennis and golf, or just spend time howà he/she chooses to. They have no desire to clean the house day in an out. To them that is not enjoyable and they have the money to pay someone to do that kind of work. This market has annual incomes over $200,000 and lives in expensive homes. According to Money Magazines Plano has 150, 100 that fall into this category, this group reliably uses cleaning services. The second segment of the market that we are targeting is the two income family. Over the last couple of decades, the number of two-income households has increased. This is to a point where in parts of the country they exceed one income families. Our target customer is two income families whose combined annual income is over $125,000. These families don't really have the time to clean, can afford a cleaning service, and choose to hire a service because the opportunity costs are too high to waste timeà cleaning their house. These households are typically age 32-55 and live in houses valued over $250,000. According to Money Magazines Plano have 100,000 families that fall into this demographic. It is this segment which has tremendous potential for us. Nearly 80% of dual income households use an outside cleaning service for some of their house cleaning according to the U. S. Department of Commerce. Additionally, there are some potential customers that MMCS has labeled asà assorted ââ¬Å"well-offâ⬠households. These are families that have the money for our services that do not fit neatly into the two previous categories. Competitor Molly Maids have been in service for 25 years and offer services in different states. They offer cleaning services in all rooms of the home and use a company car. Mollyââ¬â¢s is major cooptation that allows potential customers to view their services online. They have earned their trust with their clients by being in the business so long by offer great services. They use at least two2 people to clean the home to oversee the work of each other (Molly Maid. com). Although there are lots of competitors in the cleaning service space, there is good reason for this competition, and demand is high. Cleaning service customers want quality, and not everyone in the cleaning service space offers quality. How often when you ask one of your friends for a referral do they tell you they have been using a bunch of different companies and they have yet to find one that they are truly happy with. The residential house cleaning market is serviced predominately by independent companies. There are however, a few large franchises. Residential services are divided into a couple of different categories, maid or house cleaners, carpet cleaners, window cleaners, and a variety of other services that are required on a less frequent basis. We charge a premium for our services, and people are willing to pay to get our unsurpassed level of professionalism, trustworthiness, and attention to detail. We provide the most pleasant experience possible. Price |Exhibit 1 | |Start up Requirements | |Start-up Expenses 300. 00 | |Legal 50. 00 | |Stationery etc. 200. 0 | |Brochures $200 | |Insurance $500 | |Uniforms $100 | |Cleaning Equipment $800 | |Office Furniture $100 | |Communication Equipment $100 | |Computer Equipment $1,500 | |Magnetic Car Signs $75 | |Cleaning Supplies $200 | |Other $0 | |Total Start-up Expenses $3,925 | References Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12181384382457520320noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4068483386220812086.post-88226099754271051112020-01-02T15:47:00.001-08:002020-01-02T15:47:04.189-08:00Conflict Termination Outcomes And Recurrence - 1481 Words 2. Literature Review 2.1 Conflict Termination Outcomes and Recurrence The means in which a conflict comes to an end has caught the interest of the academic community since decades ago. In the civil wars literature, there are different studies related to this topic, however most them have arrived to the same conclusion: civil wars ended by peace agreements are more likely to recur. One of the most popular exponents of the previous thesis is Edward N. Luttwakââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Give war a chanceâ⬠, where he argues that negotiated settlements produce the most unstable peace, since those instruments do not alter the organizational capacity of both parties. Luttwak (1999) notes that ââ¬Å"an unpleasant truth, often overlooked is that although war is a great evil, it does have a great virtue: it can resolve political conflicts and lead to peace. This can happen when all belligerents become exhausted or when one wins decisivelyâ⬠(p.36). According to Luttwakà ´s perspective in the presence of a peace agreement, the parties do not have enough incentives to reach a lasting settlement since none of them is threated by defeat or loss, instead they may be preparing for future confrontation, fact that lead to an scenario where effective policies for reconstruction and post-conflict recovery are not truly being implemented. ââ¬Å"Uninterrupted war would certainly have caused further suffering and led to an unjust outcome from one perspective or another, but it would also have led to a more stable situation thatShow MoreRelatedThe Intervention And Peace Mechanisms1657 Words à |à 7 PagesFurthermore, it has seen a rather large percentage of civil (or so-called intrastate) wars during the last 50 years - from Sierra Leone to Kenya and from Zimbabwe to Angola, the continent appeared to burn (Herbst 2000: 270). While some of these conflicts have now been curtailed, civil wars in states like Nigeria remain a multi-faceted pr oblem. Not only do they produce human tragedies on a colossal scale, but they also create humanitarian crises that are of concern to the international community byRead MoreThe Theory Of The Conflict Trap2215 Words à |à 9 PagesDoes the theory of the ââ¬Ëconflict trapââ¬â¢ adequately explain recurring civil wars in some societies? I. Introduction II. The Conflict Trap Theory The Conflict Trap is the theory that countries that have experienced civil war suffer a greater risk for new conflict than other countries with no prior history of civil war. Paul Collier argues that conflict occurs disproportionately in the countries in the ââ¬Ëbottom billionââ¬â¢ population of the world because they have not had they ââ¬Ëhave not had any growth atRead MoreCase Study : Crisis Management Strategy Report Essay3286 Words à |à 14 Pagesstrategies and methodologies that are suggested for use immediately. Thank you for giving The PR Firm the opportunity to work on this report. I hope you find the strategies of use in the upcoming weeks and that you are able to achieve a favourable outcome. If you have any questions with this report please do not hesitate to contact me. Regards Mike Malcolm PR Consultant The PR Firm (09) XXX XXXX 021 XXX XXXX mikemalcolm@theprfirm.co.nz Executive Summary The following crisis management strategyRead MoreOverview of Hrm93778 Words à |à 376 Pagesanalysis Job analysis continued Job analysis outcomes. Recruitment Source of recruitment Selection Selection Tests Selection process, continued Socialization Training development Maximizing learning Career management Performance Performance Appraisal Job evaluation and pricing Compensation system Benefits Role of money in performance of employee MotivationOccupation health and safety Stress management Communication in organization Trade union Conflict and Negotiation Power politics DisciplineRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words à |à 1573 PagesDecision Making 165 Motivation Concepts 201 Motivation: From Concepts to Applications 239 3 The Group 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Foundations of Group Behavior 271 Understanding Work Teams 307 Communication 335 Leadership 367 Power and Politics 411 Conflict and Negotiation 445 Foundations of Organization Structure 479 v vi BRIEF CONTENTS 4 The Organization System 16 Organizational Culture 511 17 Human Resource Policies and Practices 543 18 Organizational Change and Stress Management Read MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words à |à 1056 PagesLABORââ¬âMANAGEMENT ENVIRONMENTS Understanding Labor Relations and Collective Bargaining 340 Endnotes 367 Glossary 389 Company Index 395 Subject Index 398 v Contents PART 1 UNDERSTANDING HRM Chapter 1 The Dynamic Environment of HRM 2 Learning Outcomes 2 Introduction 4 5 Understanding Cultural Environments 4 The Changing World of Technology What Is a Knowledge Worker? 6 How Technology Affects HRM Practices 6 Recruiting 7 Employee Selection 7 Training and Development 7 Ethics and Employee RightsRead MoreGame Theory and Economic Analyst83847 Words à |à 336 Pageswhether minimax strategy gave ââ¬Å"theâ⬠solution to a game. 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Writers of works in economics, on the other hand, often tended (and tend) to equate solution with competitive market clearance, although models of monopoly, à © 1995 Ãâ°ditions Dalloz English edition:Read More2006 Arroyo Case Study31910 Words à |à 128 Pagesâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ 25 29 Category 7ââ¬âResults 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 Health Care and Service Delivery Outcomes â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ Patient- and Other Customer-Focused Outcomes â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ Financial and Market Outcomesâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ Human Resource Outcomes â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ Organizational Effectiveness Outcomes â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ Leadership and Social Responsibility Outcomes â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ 32 38 41 43 46 48 2006 Eligibility Certification Form Page 1of 7 Malcolm BaldrigeRead More2006 Arroyo Case Study31910 Words à |à 128 PagesOperational Planning â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ 25 29 Category 7ââ¬âResults 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 Health Care and Service Delivery Outcomes â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ Patient- and Other Customer-Focused Outcomes â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ Financial and Market Outcomesâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ Human Resource Outcomes â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ Organizational Effectiveness Outcomes â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ Leadership and Social Responsibility Outcomes â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ 32 38 41 43 46 48 2006 Eligibility Certification Form Page 1of 7 Malcolm Baldrige National QualityRead MoreThe Social Impact of Drug Abuse24406 Words à |à 98 Pagesin Africa and selected countries in Latin America and Asia, have largely missed out on the benefits of increases in world trade and investment and consequent economic growth. In some cases, this has been the result of political instability, ethnic conflict, natural disasters or mismanagement of the economy. Whatever the reason in a given country, the lack of economic progress has put such countries in a financial bind and frequently placed severe restrictions on government services available to the Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12181384382457520320noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4068483386220812086.post-33439538914926211792019-12-25T12:13:00.001-08:002019-12-25T12:13:03.603-08:00Intercultural Communication Communication, And... I feel the ability to communicate with people across different cultural backgrounds is a strength that I have developed over time. Intercultural communication is the term given to communication that takes place between people whose cultural beliefs values and behaviours differ from one another (Buchanan 2015, p. 44). Cultural knowledge that is developed through socialisation and transferred from one generation to the next, shapes the way people communicate both verbally and nonverbally. It influences an individualââ¬â¢s perception of the world which in turn impacts intrapersonal communication; self-talk, and interpersonal communication; expressing meaning in a variety of settings (Buchanan 2015, p. 34; Kreunus et al. 2011, p. 48). When a person constructs meaning from a message, they attempt to understand what is spoken, how it is spoken and the context of the communication (Kreunus et al. 2011, p. 48). Semantic barriers can occur during when people interpret a messages by associa ting the meaning to their own cultural understanding and knowledge in order for it to make sense to them (ibid; Tylor, Kossen Charmaine 2005, p. 271). The following principles can be applied to improve intercultural communication and increase cultural sensitivity; remove cultural barriers; decrease ethnocentrism, challenge biases and stereotypes, avoiding over-attribution bias, be aware of cultural differences to adjust communication (Buchanan 2015, p. 43; Tylor, Kossen Charmaine 2005, p. 269). AsShow MoreRelatedIntercultural Interpersonal Communication And Intercultural Communication Essay1301 Words à |à 6 Pagesconcepts, one of which being the differences between intercultural and interpersonal communication. Intercultural communication is defined as ââ¬Å"the process that occurs when members of two or more cultures or co-cultures exchange messages in a manner that is influenced by their different cultural perceptions and symbol systems, both verbal and nonverbalâ⬠(Adler et al., 2015, pg. 40). While most interactions seem to have some sense of intercultural aspect due to the great diversity not only in race butRead MoreInterpersonal Communication, Intercultural Communication And Communication1699 Words à |à 7 Pagesliving. My friend Vikas, told me everything he had to do and the struggles he conquered in order to make his own successful business here in the U.S. Some things he told be reminded me of interpersonal communication, intercultural communication, an d intracultural communication. He had to have a lot of communication with his friend who also happened to be from India and some new friends and colleagues he met through his journey. Of course there was homesickness and the occasional depression, but thatRead MoreIntercultural Communication And Interpersonal Communication844 Words à |à 4 PagesIntercultural communication is defined as when people communicate with one another who have different cultures. 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For instance, what is acceptableRead MoreDiscuss The 11 Common Areas Of Intercultural Misunderstanding1957 Words à |à 8 Pages Case Study Analysis: Discuss the 11 Common Areas of Intercultural Misunderstanding Mirlande Jean-Pierre Davenport University MGMT 535 ââ¬â Spring 1 2015 Dr. Beverly Pierce June 20, 2015) ââ¬Æ' Abstract Nowadays, many companies have prompted business establishments to expand its network across cultures so that they can keep up being culturally competence in the internal business world (Vennapoosa, C., 2012, July). The importance of cross-cultural competence skill is becoming progressivelyRead MoreEffective Communication Within The Workplace1254 Words à |à 6 Pagesbe effective communication between staff and managers from front line managers to high end managers. However, in workplaces all around the world. Employees often fail to address employees effectively and often as a direct result. Employees either make mistakes or purposely choose to disregard orders. To reinforce this statement managers still evaluate that there is a clear failure of effective communication within the workplace still is a large problem. Because of this communication in the workplaceRead MoreMovie Analysis : Crash By Paul Haggis Essay1305 Words à |à 6 Pagessocial issue or things taught in class. In th is paper I will talk about the use of interpersonal, intercultural concepts, racism/stereotyping and Knapps conflict strategies. The main characters in this movie all connect with each other and they donââ¬â¢t even know it .In ââ¬Å"Crashâ⬠taking place in Los Angeles, there are 10 Important characters that all end up connected to each other through interpersonal communication. You have two white LAPD officers John and Hansen, the African-American couple CameronRead MoreDiversity Within The Workplace And How Communication Is The Driving Force Behind It Essay1463 Words à |à 6 PagesDiversity in the workplace and how communication is the driving force behind it. Workplace diversity can be described as ââ¬Å"all the differences in age, gender, sexual orientation, education, cultural background, religion, and life experienceâ⬠(Okora Washington, 2012, as cited in Mulkeen, 2008). Another functional definition of diversity is being cultural, racial, or sex-based. An organizationââ¬â¢s definition and viewpoint concerning diversity guides the strength of its employees to connect and communicateR ead MoreMy Intercultural Communication Skills Of Multicultural Communications2464 Words à |à 10 Pagesvery rough at times. However, the inborn education and skills of multicultural communications were priceless for me. Due to my diverse background, I was able to build a very important ability, which is the intercultural communication competence. This capacity helps one to correctly interact with people of different groups, races, sexual orientation, ethnicities, religions, and so on. In my case, my intercultural communication competence was largely affected and evolved by the four specific aspects that Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12181384382457520320noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4068483386220812086.post-27279541324813038142019-12-17T08:03:00.001-08:002019-12-17T08:03:03.770-08:00Rhetorical Analysis Of On The Briefcase, Poor Americans... Rhetorical Analysis Essay: ââ¬Å"On The Briefcase, Poor Americans Have ââ¬ËProveââ¬â¢ Themselves,â⬠In Margaret Lyonsââ¬â¢s Vulture article, ââ¬Å"On the Briefcase, Poor Americans have to ââ¬ËProveââ¬â¢ Themselves,â⬠was posted on May 26, 2015. Lyons discusses how ââ¬ËThe Briefcaseââ¬â¢ follows ââ¬Å"Middle Classâ⬠American families that are experiencing financial hardships. The context of this article is economical situations present in American ââ¬Å"middle classâ⬠families, as represented on a television show viewed all over the world. Lyons exigence is how the game show is purposely exploiting middle class Americans are using their setbacks against each other. She supports her claims with the ethos through opinionated information such as the real reason why the briefcase actually helps middle class people; logos, sharing the evidence on Les Moonves on how they make more money than the game show does in a month, pathos; how a woman is so overcome with joy she vomits. Initially, Lyons begins her article with an ethical appeal as she shares the exploitation of middle class Americans. As she began to get in depth with how the game show is an embarrassment, she shows only in view of the argument, which is disagreeing with everything that they are doing. The game show is a disappointment to society, the show lets us think that they are helping middle class families. Lyons stated, But there s something really perverse about Les Moonves earning money based on the emotional and financial anguish of poor people, by Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12181384382457520320noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4068483386220812086.post-53974570864050013102019-12-09T04:46:00.001-08:002019-12-09T04:46:04.551-08:00The Accounting in Global Organization Economic Development Samples for Question: What is the Global Organization and Change of the Accounting ? Answer: Introduction For the economic development a standardized high quality financial accounting and reporting practice governed by law is utmost necessary. Ethics, auditing and financial accounting based on highest qualities are the real reason why investors invest and depend on such financial information. Combining national and international standards is a common scenario today. To adopt such international standards companies often face many challenges. This literature review is to study such issues and challenges faced. Following are some of these challenges:- Regulatory challenges and the adoption of these regulatory standards on an international and national level. Gap bridging in between the accounting practices which are being done and the research methodology prevalent in the world of academics. Cultural constraints and challenges in adoption of certain accounting practices and its implementation. Role of accounting and its link with the macro political economy Comparing and Contrasting Literature Economic Scenario One of the major determinants in the growth and expansion of the accounting profession in a country is its various economical conditions. This has been a subject of discussion hence, As per Belkaoui (Belkaoui, 1983) for example it is argued that as there occurs development in economies, communicating of economical data and various accounting functions for easement becomes crucial elements. There have been other similar arguments made by Mhedhbi and Zeghal (Zeghal and Mhedhbi, 2006) that where economic expansions are high, in such countries measurement of accountancy and its social function used as a tool to measure communicating is relatively important. The basis of these arguments are such that ir bases itself on economic developments which are more advanced and which can be connected with disclosure and financial reporting practices which are of very high levels. Countries which has low economic growth there economic activities involved is very less and the profession of accounting is underdeveloped as per Salter and Doupnik (Doupnik and Salter, 1995). In terms of strategic planning and leadership organizations must find whether finance and the organization both have adequate understanding as well as funding for supporting the fair value creation process expenditure requirements.Technologically, whether accounting is having enough access to the various technical tools and capabilities based on which accurate, timely and standard information and recommendations are made (Wong, 2014). In regards to human capital whether accounting division of the global organization have enough knowledge and resources capable enough for ensuring a continuity in support from its business partner. Regulatory Standards In the international level accounting practices and procedures can be adopted and implemented by an organization basing itself on factors which are exclusive to that particular country. For an instance, law, politics, economics, culture and regulations are such factors. many times companies face the implementation of such regulatory standards as they believe some changes are needed to be made in the international regulations and standards to sync it with the specifications at the national levels. Another example can be given in this regard. Suppose, in a country determining taxable income is one of the top aim of national accounting practices and standards. The financial statements which are formed are serving the capital market requirements. This can differ from the local requirements of the local tax authorities. These are the various accounting standards which are aimed in suggesting some rules or some accountancy related measurements that one needs to consider while undergoing ac counting calculations. These are sort of legislations and guides based on which accounting practices are conducted. For example, while preparing financial statements having adequate disclosures as per the Companies Act 1956 these standards must be in compliances with Accounting Standards (Icsi, 2013). The main responsibility in this regard remains with the auditor who is in charge of the formation of such financial statements. As per Lawrence (Lawrence, 1996) legal system of a nation or a country impacts its accounting profession and its growth either directly or indirectly. This is because based on the legal needs of a country its accounting is developed. It is the government who determines such requirements. In some countries the legislations and the government is also engaged in forming accounting rules and certain procedures (Adagye, Azagaku and Umbugadu, 2015). For an instance income tax related law of a country can be influenced by the various practices of accounting. Gaps As per theorist Ryan (Ryan, 2008) there is a gap which occurs persistently in between how the academic world researches and how in practice accounting is being performed by global organizations. Governance of valuation of assets and entities which are off-balance sheets are two crucial requirements of financial reporting. Although these seems to be mundane affairs, yet in account the survival of an organizations dealing in finances depends on how well they balance the valuation of their assets and how well they engage into auditing consolidating off balance sheet entities. Major controversies are prevalent in the rules of fair ways of accounting which needs every global organization or national organization to declare the value of their financial assets honestly. Moreover as per Boyer (Boyer, 2007) such fairness of accountancy valuation leads to excessive credit expansions this encouraging risk taking of pro cyclical natures. Cultural Challenges For thousands of years culture has been a crucial subject of observation and research as it affects every human activities. Culture, by definition as per the theory of Hofstede (Hofstede, 2007) is a thought process which is collective in nature which differentiates people belonging to one society from another.The theory of Hofstede further categorises culture into the extent into which members in a society accepts power of institutions present in it, the extent to which people in as society fears uncertainties, individualism and collectivism comparisons and comparisons on masculinity over feminism.In accounting practices executed by global organizations are also affected by such cultural differences. Such differences are not minor differences which are affecting harmonization of policies on a global level. Rather these are effecting majorly in auditing assumptions about the integrity of financial information on an international level. Accounting figures in Uk and in America if they m ean different then it can cause major hurdles in practicing accounting. Macro Political Economy Discussion about the link between fair valuation in accounting and its impact on macro political economy has been going on in the world for long. The pressures which have been excreted on the various accounting standards must along with financial reporting include financial stability as well. As per Jules Muis (Muis, 2008) firms dealing in accountancy must make reports on any systematic risks which they come across while performing accounting practices as these can be the various upcoming threats that can hamper the organized operations of the financial markets. Theoretically still, primary account research has not been able to interpret the interrelationship between accountant and the macro political economy. However traditionally these are the reduction of any asymmetries occurring in between financial information which can affect the world capital market. There are theoretical perspectives of understanding this. The basis of political economy is to study accountancy and the effect s of the various conflicts of the society on it. This is also interrelation with the entire capitalistic societies present. As per Bryer (Bryer, 1993) there are many foundations and theories which helps understanding the inter relationship in between capitalism development and accountancy in different time periods. Corruptions On a global level accounting faces the challenges from the corruptions prevalent in the world of financing. As per the theory of Enmenyonu (Enmenyonu, 2007) it is a problem which exists universally and is completely related to human beings. Corruption is present in all the countries which are existing in this entire world. Pervasive levels of corruption also exist in some countries where any other growth or progress becomes difficult due to its presence. Progress in the sector of accounting thus also becomes weak in such countries. In the viewpoint of Wallace (Wallace, 1992) a city where corruption is at its highest levels, there can be instances where global concerns are not permitted to execute auditing practices as the people engaged in corruption are highly violent and dishonest. Similarities in Theories The three theories in relation to economic scenario are all right and there is a direct relationship in how the economic condition of a place measures the expansion and advancement of the accountancy profession related to the place. From earliest of times of civilization accountancy has been placing itself with social and economical environments all of which are governing features amongst individuals. Additionally, theories expressed in terms of issues such as regulations and corruption in the world both of which has an impact on the accounting profession are completely right in their own respects. It is true that regulations can either boost the effectiveness of the accounting profession and the implementation of its theories while corruption on the other hand alone can stop its use completely. More and more researches and theories made focuses on finding the role played by various accounting firms in the occurrences of such crisis and challenges. The economical financialization whi ch has taken place in last century not only covers financial institutions and banks but also accounting firms directly related to it. Differences and Conclusions Drawn by Some Theorists The theorists view on the gaps which exists in between real world accounting practices and how it is researched in the academic world calls for advises made to accounting scholars for being more critical, normative and descriptive in their approaches of reporting. The theories are similar in their basic thought process where the various accounting professional are asked to make their judgments on valuations for explicit for determining real world actions of accountancy. However what in the real world is witnessed in regards to the accounting theories are different. Financial reporting and accounting has developed in different ways. Depending on quantitative databases this can lead to developments which fail in the real world. The business environment is increasingly becoming more complex day by day. Hence, new challenges are being created while meaningful information is being accumulated. The world's most successful global organizations are those which are efficiently combating such challenges. They are encouraging more and moder departments of the business to do partnerships with various financial organizations. This will enhance business support and will derive better insights for these business. Most of the theories stated here are similar in this study. Overall all over the world theorists are busy studying the challenges which accounting practices face. The financial organizations must realize that these hurdles or obstacles are common by nature (Bhimani and Bromwich, 2009). All financial activities depends on these challenges and hence the organizations must study all the aspects of standards, leadership, technological and human capital related challenges it faces. Conclusion The entire study has helped in making identifications of the various threats and challenges and theories of accounting practices occurring in global organizations. It is concluded that such threats and challenges can be a hurdle on the development of such a profession. Hence to stabilize a countrys financial area and aid in its economic growth understanding of such threats is necessary (Arnold, 2009). Especially in today's world which is driven by globalization, the need to identify the challenges global organizations face with respect to accounting and finances is mandatory. Although the various professionals belonging to accountancy practices are recommended to be more proactive in their approaches in managing the various hurdles, practices and advancements in a better way, it is also recommended that the regulators and governing bodies must consider the various objectives of accountancy practices and come up with common legislations and standards. The shortcomings which the world is facing in speculating the current crisis of finances occurring in the world limits the ability of analyzing, responding and interpreting these as it goes on unfolding itself. It is only accounting scholars who has the right positioning for using knowledge and intricacies of the various rules of accounting observing the various social and political nature of such practices. Observing these they can rightfully explain how reevaluation is needed to be made in the various agendas of the researches made with respect to this crisis subject. References Adagye , I., Azagaku, B and Umbugadu, S. (2015). Threats and Challenges to Accounting Profession. International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences. 5 (4), pp96-104. Arnold, P. J. (2009). Global financial crisis: The challenge to accounting research. Journal of Accounting, Organizations and Society . 34 (1), p803-809. Belkaoui, A. (1983). Economic, political and civil indicators and reporting and disclosure adequacy:Empirical investigation.Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, (2), 356-412. Bryer, R. A. (1993). The late nineteenth-century revolution in financial reporting: Accounting for the rise of investor or managerial capitalism? Accounting Organizations and Society, 18 (7/8), 649690 Bhimani, A and Bromwich, M (2009). Management accounting in a digital and global economy: the interface of strategy, technology, and cost information . 4th ed. UK: Oxford University Press. p1-50. Boyer, R. (1990).The regulation school: a critical introduction. New York: Columbia University Press Doupnik, T. S., Salter, S. B. (1995). External environment and accounting practice: a preliminary test of a general model of international accounting development. The International Journal of Accounting, Education and Research, 30(2), 189-207 Emenyonu, E. (2007). The Accounting profession, the Church and the Nigerian State: Potent Change Agents for National Rebirth. Covenant University Public Lecture Series (14). Hofstede, G., Hofstede, G. J. (2007). Kultury i organizacje. Zaprogramowanie umys?u. Warszawa: Warszawa. (2013). COMPANY ACCOUNTS, COST AND MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING. Available: https://www.icsi.edu/Webmodules/Publications/Company%20Accounts,%20Cost%20and%20Management%20Accounting.pdf. Last accessed 2nd May 2017. Muis, J. (2008). Written submission to the Advisory Committee on the Auditing Profession, US Department of Treasury, Washington, DC, May 23. Ryan, S. G. (2008). Accounting in and for the subprime crisis.The Accounting Review, 83 (6), 16051638 Wallace, R. S. O. (1992). Growing Pains of Indigenous Accountancy Profession: The Nigerian Experience. Accounting, business and Financial History, 2(1) Wong, P. (2014). CHALLENGES AND SUCCESSES IN I PLEMENTING INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS. Available: https://www.cimaglobal.com/Documents/ImportedDocuments/ifac_report_challengesuccess_111004.pdf. Last accessed 2nd May 2017. Zeghal, D., Mhedhbi, K. (2006). An analysis of the factors affecting the adoption of international accounting standards by developing countries. The International Journal of Accounting, (41), 373386 Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12181384382457520320noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4068483386220812086.post-34928547465315282042019-12-01T16:27:00.001-08:002019-12-01T16:27:02.832-08:00The Crucible Act free essay sample This meant that God chose each person from birth for salvation or damnation. Only God knew the fate of a person and nothing you did would change it. They lived very strict lives that adhered to the divine law and you were condemned if you didnââ¬â¢t obey it. 2. When Abigail accuses Tituba of witchcraft just to get the pressure off of her and so that they would stop asking her questions. More evidence is found when we discover the affair between Abigail and proctor which could be the reason why Abigail tries to hide the truth about what really happened. An alternative is that they just wanted to do something daring and fun because Puritans were very strict and they didnââ¬â¢t have that much freedom. Or they wanted to use witchcraft to make potions to get men to fall in love with them. 3. Reverend Paris is the minister of Salem. We will write a custom essay sample on The Crucible Act or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He caught his daughter Betty, Ruth Putnam, and Abigail Williams dancing with Tituba in the woods. He thinks they were performing witchcraft and now heââ¬â¢s worried that heââ¬â¢ll be kicked out of the town for having a witch as a daughter. He is a paranoid, attention seeking, self-absorbed person. Most people in the town donââ¬â¢t like him. 4. Thomas Putnam was a very wealthy man who wanted to increase his wealth buy accusing people of witchcraft and then buying their land. Ann Putnam is Thomas Putnamââ¬â¢s wife who is woman who has experienced many deaths and has bad dreams. She thinks that witchcraft was the reason that she had 7 stillborn children, so sheââ¬â¢s okay with blaming these deaths on the supernatural and wants justice for the ââ¬Å"wicked doingsâ⬠of someone else. Ruth Putnam is the only surviving child of the Putnams. She fell ill along with Betty after Reverend Parris found them dancing in the woods. Ruth goes to Tituba to conjure spirits so sheââ¬â¢d be able to communicate with her dead siblings because her mother asked her to. 5. It became suspicious when we found out that Elizabeth didnââ¬â¢t want to sit near Abigail (whom she fired), despite the fact that Abigail has denied doing anything wrong. The commentary gives us a bit of background information and helps us understand some of the things going on in the story. On page 1241 the 5 paragraphs of commentary go into detail about Thomas Putnam, discussing his background life and personality. From this commentary we now know that Putnam was very wealthy and he felt like he had superiority over everyone else. He has a vindictive, revengeful, and bitter personality. This gives us insight into the character so that we can deeply understand them which will help us grasp the story better. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12181384382457520320noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4068483386220812086.post-44343726553746131972019-11-26T18:27:00.001-08:002019-11-26T18:27:03.003-08:00Emperor Constantine essaysEmperor Constantine essays Constantine was born at Naissus in the province of Moesia Superior on February 27, 272 or 273. Constantius, Constantines father, was a military officer. Constantines mothers name was Helena and was known to be a humble person. Throughout his life, Constantine proved himself to the Roman people. On March 1st of 293, he exceeded the rank of Caesar. Shortly after, he married Theodora, the daughter of Maximian. When Diocletian retired on May 1st of 305, Constantine made the rank of Augustus. In 306, when Constantines father Constantius Chlorus died, Constantine was announced Augustus by his troops at York. Galerius (Constantines opponent) refused to accept Constantine. This didnt last long. In 308, Constantine was required to give up his title and return to the rank of Caesar. He refused, and to prove himself, he went campaigning against the Germans. He marched his German armies into Gaul, and forced Maximian to flee to Massilia. Maximian was Faustas father, which was Constantines wife. Maximian either committed suicide of was executed in 310. The persecution of Christians was had already begun (started in 303). Constantine supported the Christians. He put an end to the persecution of Christians by the Edict of Mulan in 313. One night when Constantine and his army were on a march toward Rome, it has been said that Christ appeared to Constantine and told him to place the heavenly sign on the battle standards of his army. He then told his men to place a cross on their shield for battle. He later learned the cross was the symbol of the Christian Faith. From that day forward, Constantine was committed to the Christian Faith. Just before the tenth anniversary of his approval from the Senate as Emperor, the Arch of Constantine was finished. There were many celebrations. All sacrifices to the pagan gods were not allowed. Constantine defeated Maxentius at the Milvian Bridge in 312. The op... Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12181384382457520320noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4068483386220812086.post-77971679050627713722019-11-23T02:01:00.001-08:002019-11-23T02:01:04.634-08:00Demography - Statistical Study of Human PopulationsDemography - Statistical Study of Human Populations Demography is the statistical study of human populations. It includes the study of the size, structure, and distributions of different populations and changes in them in response to birth, migration, aging, and death. It also includes the analysis of the relationships between economic, social, cultural, and biological process influencing a population. The field of sociology draws on huge bodies of data generated by a variety of sources, including the U.S. Census Bureau. Demography is widely used for various purposes and can encompass small, targeted populations or mass populations. Governments use demography for political observations, scientists use demography for research purposes, and businesses use demography for the purpose of advertising. Statistical concepts essential to demography include birth rate, death rate, infant mortality rate, fertility rate, and life expectancy. These concepts can be further broken down into more specific data, such as the ratio of men to women and the life expectancy of each gender. A census helps provide much of this information, in addition to vital statistic records. In some studies, the demography of an area is expanded to include education, income, the structure of the family unit, housing, race or ethnicity, and religion. The information gathered and studied for a demographic overview of a population depends on the party utilizing the information. From the census and vital statistics gathered using a wide variety of sources, sociologists can create a picture of the U.S. population ââ¬â who we are, how we are changing, and even who we will be in the future. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12181384382457520320noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4068483386220812086.post-27527306353114581532019-11-21T03:56:00.001-08:002019-11-21T03:56:03.654-08:00Globalisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1Globalisation - Essay Example Cities in Australia such as Perth and Brisbane offer attractive investment opportunities to potential investors leading to the rise in capital growth rate. Australian cities like Melbourne, Adelaide, Bribane and Perth are also known for the low cost of living prevailing compared to other capital cities in the world. These Australian cities are ranked top 30 globally for the high life quality. Current exchange rates against other currencies are exceedingly friendly in Australia hence making it ideal for foreign investors who wish to make purchases in Australia. The explanation for this is that they have the capacity to buy more than what they would have bought in their own countries with the same amount. Low interest rates in its economy enable investors get big loans from banks, which thereafter yield significant returns that boost the countryââ¬â¢s GDP. The Australian government put a lot of money into available growth opportunities hence making it possible for the countryââ¬â ¢s economy to survive economic hard times (McLean 7). Question 2 Although Australia is ranked as one of the best-performed economies in the developed world, its citizens are pessimistic about their economy. Some of its citizens thinks that their economy over-rely on non-renewable natural resources for energy used both locally and for export,they claim that they may run at a loss when coal deposits are depleted from the mines. Other citizens do not enjoy the use of coal as a source of energy in their country, they claim that use of coal is one of the major contributors of global warming hence they ask the government to invest on other modes of energy production. Australianââ¬â¢s economy is dominated by small to medium sized enterprises. The entire countryââ¬â¢s population thinks that these SMEââ¬â¢s lack proper management teams compared to larger companies hence performing poorly in the economy. The citizens think that government should provide relevant training to the entre preneurs to improve their performance. Further still, many citizens perceive the strength of the countryââ¬â¢s currency negatively. They believe that it blamable for increasing unemployment rates as many people have lost their jobs in leading companies like Toyota. This has exposed how fragile the manufacturing sector is. Countryââ¬â¢s economists blame the Australian dollar for damaging the market at international level. This is because, of the increase of prices of Australian goods. As a consequence, the demand of countryââ¬â¢s locally produced goods is decreasing with a notable rate (Martin 1). Citizens have also noted that its government has not put enough money on technology development hence importing more than exports on ICT. Government is also blamed for making its IT purchases outside the country, yet same equipments are available in local companies. Question 3 Chinaââ¬â¢s economic growth and technological advancement have drawn investorsââ¬â¢ and governmentâ â¬â¢s interest. As such, Australia should take the lead and welcome Chineseââ¬â¢s increasing foreign investment. Australia benefits from it both directly and indirectly. Given that Australia do not invest much on ICT, China gets to supply them with the ICT equipment since it is known as an of the ICT equipments exporter. If Australia accepts to trade with China government, it will get a chance to negotiate better prices on its ICT purchases hence reducing import costs. Australia also exports its Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12181384382457520320noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4068483386220812086.post-27410573614618864192019-11-19T15:55:00.001-08:002019-11-19T15:55:03.255-08:00The New Testament Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 wordsThe New Testament - Essay Example The purpose of such a fulfillment is the witness of the disciple being taught that he or she should be salt and light. The foundational basis for witness is heart attitude or beatitude as popularly known. Eight attitudes of blessedness or four pairs are given to the disciple, which will cause them to be the influence they need to be, while enjoying blessedness. Verse 5 is just one of the eight stating, ââ¬Å"Blessed are the meek, for they will inherit the earth.â⬠Jesus or the gospel writer reporting Jesus goes directly to basic precept of being an influence for maximum impact and recall, and then builds the argument in a manner which is recognizable to any Jew of that day, with the purpose of testimony and Christ likeness placed consequent to the basic precepts of life being elucidated. B. Form of this passage: The content and form of this passage is a typical of a sermon by Jesus where he reads out a text and then sits down, whereby he invites them for a closer look into what he has spoken about. In terms of the source there is only a single obvious parallel of this verse and style, which is in Luke 6 (Though closer scrutiny shows connectivity to many writing of the OT). Based on the two source theory, if disciple Matthew and Doctor Luke had sources for these it would have been ââ¬ËQââ¬â¢ and not Mark. ââ¬Å"The evidence points to the fact that both Matthew and Luke were referring to the same passage. ââ¬Å"Luke 6:17 means a "plateau" in a mountainous area 21 and there are striking similarities between the two sermons, then how do we reconcile Matthew's "Blessed are the poor in spirit" and Luke's "Blessed are the poor"? Must one be more historical than the other on the basis of redaction critical criteria? Not on the basis of an evangelical use of the tools. Matthew is emphasizing the spiritual side and Luke the economic side of the same original saying. In other words, both are equally historical.â⬠(Osborne, 199) C. Structure: While paral lelism is a Hebraic poetic style and The New Testament is written in Greek it must not be forgotten that it is quoting Jesus who is from a Hebraic cultural milieu. Hebraic poetic parallelism does not use rhyming words but rhyming ideas and there is great merit in seeing Matthew 5:3-10 through this lens D. Redaction: While redaction refers to the author acting as an editor to suit the original content to his own objectives for writing, it does not necessarily mean that the content is rendered corrupt. If this argument is to be based on the two-source theory, then there is the possibility that Matthew arranged chapter 5 to show logical continuity of the Old Testament in the new historical setting to set Jesus above the pharisaic figures and the pharisaic teachings. This is well stated by Robert Imperato ââ¬Å" While Pharisees were claiming that their lifestyle and teachings were the fulfillment of Jewish life, Matthewââ¬â¢s Gospel was claiming that Jesus was the fulfillment of Jew ish life (Imperato, 16) E. Keywords: From the point of view that Matthew has used parallelism, the keywords of 5:5 would be ââ¬Å"Meekâ⬠and ââ¬Å"Inherit the earthâ⬠. The other keyword that needs to be considered is ââ¬Å"Blessedâ⬠in terms the context of the passage as well as the verse being exegeted. These words then have to be understood in terms of itââ¬â¢ Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12181384382457520320noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4068483386220812086.post-20995674457271624712019-11-17T04:26:00.001-08:002019-11-17T04:26:04.855-08:00Vision Quest Essay Example for Free Vision Quest Essay SUMMARY Its my first time to walk alone, in first 30 minutes in doing my vision quest there is a little harder it my part mostly in my mind, because while I am walking my childhood experience flashback in my mind, seriously I donââ¬â¢t want to remind again my childhood day, because that part of my life are one of the worst part that I ever had, I cant experience the happy and complete family during that time, because of that in this part of my quest mix feeling happen to me ,boredom and a little anxious maybe because of the negative thoughts creating in my mind ,and when I stop at playground Iââ¬â¢m just like a child want to play but I control my self, maybe because Iââ¬â¢m to old to that in Iââ¬â¢m only one person in that place, and Iââ¬â¢m just thinking that if any person see me and play at the playground Iââ¬â¢m very aware what they are feedback to me. In this quest Iââ¬â¢m also feel the day dreaming while walking I saw a various car and I imagine that in the future I have my own car in this part my mind change into positive because car motivate me to pursue my self to finish and studying hard, but during Iââ¬â¢m walking the fliers that two guy gave to me change my attention because that fliers are about job hiring and Iââ¬â¢m thinking that I want to have a car I says if I apply possible this is the opportunity the me to buy a car but my favorite quotation insert into my mind its about ââ¬Ë Opportunity my knock once only, But temptation leans on the doorbell ââ¬Ë and my attention back to my study I ask to my self if I finish my study not only car but also a good job waiting to me, and I think in my quotation the opportunity is my scholarship now and the temptation during that time are the fliers that impose to me to apply a work. It also flashback into my mind the words that says my classmate about the 5 students failed in Educ. 7 subject. I feel the hopeless because Iââ¬â¢m thinking maybe one the 5 are me, I feel nervous and a little anxious I says if that happen I donââ¬â¢t know what I doing to my self ,the word suicide insert to my mind but later on it change into positive I says Iââ¬â¢m not belong to the 5 students I experience a paranoid feeling because of lot of people walk in road and Iââ¬â¢m thinking those people look at me and there think something to me and noise of many vehiclesââ¬â¢ distract to me to think positive because of this I stop and relaxed my mind to divert my thinking into positive and probably it very helpful to me because my thoughts slowly divert into positive, At the last of my vision quest I think this are the very learning part and it gives me a clearly meaning of my life, first before I end up at overpass at Ligaya road Marcos highway the thoughts insert in my mind the paranoid part of my experience while Iââ¬â¢m walking, I says I donââ¬â¢t care other people what thoughts creating in there mind, what I doing now Iââ¬â¢m happy and who they are in my self. And when I stop at center of overpass it about 5; 30 PM the climate are to hot because of pollution created a lot vehicle in road and I look up into the sky and I says God how long I experience a risk and difficulty in my life, and a few seconds I turn my head in the other side of the over pass and I saw the ââ¬Ëpulubiââ¬â¢ and I feel mixed emotion anger and ââ¬Ëawaââ¬â¢, and I realize that Iââ¬â¢m so blessed because Iââ¬â¢m not like a ââ¬Ëpulubiââ¬â¢ they much ââ¬Ëkawawaââ¬â¢ than to me and in my case I much a lot of opportunity than to her. In ag ain I say to god .thank for what I have now, I learn to this quest a acceptance and learn by the experience, other person blame experience put their into worst situation, but they not realize that experience are best to have a good foundation of our life, other person they not accept what they have now like me .in my quest it give me a clear thoughts or insight that anything happen are helpful to us, it put us in good not to worst ,learning by experience give us a positive direction it remind us that anything that we do always thing if it for better not to worst. Accept what we are now and what we have also clarify into me because sometimes I ask question into my self the word Why, What and How in my vision quest it clearly that those word are no place in my life, I realize that all things happen to me are so blessed. THE SIGN I attempt only one time to use sign in order to answer the creating question into my mind in that was the part that I feel hopeless, anxious, because of the humors ask by my classmate about the result of the grading in one of my subject ,its to very realistic things that if Iââ¬â¢m not studying hard I failed. In that part I says if I see a checked sign it means Iââ¬â¢m not belong to the five students, and Iââ¬â¢m not expected I see the truck of Brand Nike and I slowly smile and creating a questioned how very significant the sign in my situation. But I realize and say Iââ¬â¢m not included in five students because I know in my self that I pass and submit all the requirements in that subject, thatââ¬â¢s why my negative feelings slowly calm and I continuing doing my vision. In our Biblical theology before they use sign in order to know what god want to us to people in part of Moises before they will do an act they ask a sign to god. In my experience about my quest sign are only help me to calm my negative thoughts, but the truth is all things happen are totally done sign cant change the result, I learn that always aware what is consequencesââ¬â¢ in what we are doing in my case that if I study hard of course in return it will give me a good benefits as well. THEORITICAL EXPLANATION Individual experience create a tremendous effect of the attitude, personality and behavior of an individual it very important that in life of individual they experience a complete positively life situation. If one person experience during their childhood, incomplete attachment to their family it will result a negative thoughts and insight , if that person attain the right age what they are experience during childhood it triggers and it cause of Anxiety, hopeless in life and sometimes being paranoid. Anxiety develop during they childhood when they feel fear and no one of their family help the child to reduce fear it develop anxiety to the child. Although fear is leads to increase in affiliative behavior, anxiety is more likely to lead to a reduced need for affiliation. Feel hopeless these negative thoughts develop when individual childhood experience the discomfort of their family, it very important to the child part the comport that the child family give, once the affection of the parents cant feel the child later on it develop hopeless because the child cant complete achieve the love by their parents. Paranoid develop during childhood when their parents always the child here a folk story a horror story it develop to the mind of the child not healthy environment that may cause paranoid later on it triggers and they think a not normal to their environment. In order to be a healthy the mind of the child it very important if we are aware how the help them to have a good mind set, childhood are important for development also as individual be concern of what they adapt not only to the environment but the most important is to their own family, character and personality are mold inside the house or the family if the child leaving in not healthy the result also is the unhealthy personality or attitude and behaviors. The existential tradition seeks a balance between recognizing the limits and tragic dimensions of human existence on one hand and the possibilities and opportunities of human life on the other hand. It grew out of a desire to help people engage the dilemmas of contemporary life, such as isolation, alien-ation, and meaninglessness. The current focus of the existential approach is on the individualââ¬â¢s experience of being in the world alone and facing the anxiety of this isolation. The existential view of human nature is captured, in part, by the notion that the significance of our existence is never fixed once and for all; rather, we continually re-create ourselves through our projects. Humans are in a constant state of transition, emerging, evolving, and becoming. Being a person implies that we are discovering and making sense of our existence. We continually question ourselves, others, and the world. Although the specific questions we raise vary in accordance with our developmental stage in life, the fundamental themes do not vary. We pose the same questions philosophers have pondered throughout Western history: ââ¬Å"Who am I?â⬠ââ¬Å"What can I know?â⬠ââ¬Å"What ought I to do?â⬠ââ¬Å"What can I hope for?â⬠ââ¬Å"Where am I going?â⬠The basic dimensions of the human condition, according to the existential approach, include (1) The capacity for self-awareness; (2) Freedom and responsibility; (3) Creating oneââ¬â¢s identity and establishing meaningful relationships with others; (4) The search for meaning, purpose, values, and goals; (5) Anxiety as a condition of living; and (6) Awareness of death and nonbeing. I develop these propositions in the following sections by summarizing themes that emerge in the writings of existential philosophers and psychotherapists, and I also discuss the implications for counseling practice of each of these propositions. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12181384382457520320noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4068483386220812086.post-3962478423247242112019-11-14T16:57:00.001-08:002019-11-14T16:57:03.652-08:00The Drosophilia Hydei Essay -- Biology, Fruit FlyDrosophila hydei, commonly known as the fruit fly, is about 3mm long and typically found near unripe or rotted and fermenting fruit. Its body is segmented into 3 different sections and covered in an exoskeleton. It has six legs, two small antennae, one pair of wings (which extend slightly over its rear), and large, red compound eyes. The complex, compound eyes permit D.hydei to see in many directions, allowing it to sense food or potential dangers (Miller 2000). Its eyes are sensitive to light intensity, therefore when shadows approach, signaling danger, the fly will flee or take flight (Demerec 1950; Miller 2000). Its body is a gray-brown color and shaped like an oblong oval, being larger in the front and narrowing toward the back. Tiny hairs cover the entire body, which allow the fly to sense movements in the air. These hairs alert them of disturbances such as approaching predators (Demerec 1950; Miller 2000). The pupae from which the Drosophila hydei hatch are orange-brown in color and are slightly larger than the adult fly. Males and females are differentiated by the stripes on the back of the males, as well as size. Males have broader stripes and tend to be smaller, whereas the stripes on a female are narrower and they will be larger in size (Miller 2000). In order to thrive, a food source of yeast and sugar must be present, as is the case with fermenting fruit. The mouth of D. hydei is specifically shaped in order to take up liquid food sources (Miller 2000). The range of Drosophila hydei is broad and it exists in many different habitats, ranging from temperate to wet forests (Bateman 1972). Since very cold temperatures are found to have negative effects on insect survival, Drosophila hydei is not found near th... ...fested by wasp parasites and other harmful microorganisms. Ants also pose a threat to the D. hydei, often carrying away the larvae, destroying their ability to survive (Bateman 1972). The predatorial relationship between ants and D. hydei larvae has a negative effect upon the fly, as they are being used as a food source, whereas the ant benefits, as it is getting a food source. Since Drosophila hydei is prey for so many species, its removal would be detrimental to the many species that prey upon it. Overall, Drosophila hydei is a unique species, capable of residing in a large range of habitats, temperature and light conditions. Much research has been done to determine the affect of abiotic factors upon these organisms. Differences in temperature and light in particular are shown to affect the behavior, growth and reproduction of the species. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12181384382457520320noreply@blogger.com0