Wednesday, August 26, 2020

Monopoly of the United States Postal Service

An imposing business model is a market framework where one provider has order over the entire or almost the whole market. The provider in this manner can direct the market in support of himself. The capacity to direct can be on costs, bundling and administration conveyance among others (Money, 2011). This paper talks about the United States postal assistance in its ability as a monopoly.Advertising We will compose a custom examination paper test on Monopoly of the United States Postal Service explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The United States Postal Service The United States Postal Service was built up in 1775 by the then mainland congress. A post ace general was named who successfully organized the postal administrations in the intrigue the Americans’ government assistance. The congress afterwards coordinated the extension of the postal help to incorporate the costal and western locales. The extension of administrations proceeded with later. The entrance to the postal help was improved during the mid nineteenth century when the congress brought down the mailing rates making the administration progressively reasonable and available. This was trailed by the acquaintance of mail conveyances with entryway ventures at definitely no expense. Another help, the bundle post was presented by the â€Å"post office department† in the year 1913. The postal office was then granted an imposing business model by the congress to shield it from private firms which could specifically offer types of assistance based on benefit. Further enactments have since been made to upgrade the administration conveyance of the division that is as of now known as the United States postal assistance. The postal help turned into a restraining infrastructure under the enactment of the congress. This imposing business model was framed by an administrative demonstration and not by any merger. It can in this manner be said to have been shaped normally (USPS, 2008) . Effect of the Postal Service on the Market The postal assistance has had critical effect in the American market. Its broad help that handles many billions of sends in a year has upgraded correspondence both in the social and monetary angles. The postal assistance gave a methods for correspondence among elements extending from mail conveyances to cash moves. This had an effect of a cultivated correspondence among individuals and substances particularly before different methods of interchanges like the cell phones and the web were broadly evolved. It has likewise had negative effects in its administrations. There have in the past been objections over expanded postal rates which can be ascribed to absence of rivalry (Gale, 2011) Being shaped by an enactment of the congress, the postal assistance can be delegated an administration imposing business model. Government syndications are those imposing business models that are set up because of enactment passed by an administration to secu re a given market. For its situation the United States postal help was set up as an imposing business model to shield it from private financial specialists who might be specific in administration conveyance with benefit as the directing variable and not arrangement of the essential administrations to individuals (USPS, 2008).Advertising Looking for research paper on business financial aspects? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The postal assistance can be believed to have a widely disseminated organize everywhere throughout the United States. The gracefully of its administrations is hence not restricted as one of its legitimate order is the administration conveyance to the residents (USPS, 2008). Geddes clarifies that as any state possessed imposing business model, the postal assistance now and again offer costs that are howl sensible so as to drive private contenders out of the market. This should be possible regardless of whet her its net impact is a shortfall to the state participation (Geddes, 2003). The postal help doesn't legitimately segregate on costs yet had in before years been blamed for circuitous separation of offering particular administrations to inferior mailers at no additional charge (FTP, n.d.). References FTP. (n.d.) Post Office. FTP Resource. Recovered from: web. Hurricane. (2011). US Postal Service. Business High Beam. Web. Geddes, R. (2003). Open doors for Anticompetitive Behavior in Postal Services. American Entreprise Institute for Public Policy Research. Recovered from: http://www.aei.org/Money. ( 2011). Syndication. Cash Terms. Recovered from: https://moneyterms.co.uk/USPS. (2008). All inclusive Service and the Postal Monopoly. US Postal Services. Recovered from: https://www.usps.com/Advertising We will compose a custom examination paper test on Monopoly of the United States Postal Service explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More This examination paper on Monopoly of the United States Postal Service was composed and put together by client Alessandro Carrillo to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for examination and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it as needs be. You can give your paper here.

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Tough Guise Free Essays

Extreme Guise What does it intend to take care of business in the public eye? Jackson Katz in the narrative â€Å"Tough Guise† contends that online networking squeezes how men should look and act. For instance, Arnold Schwarzenegger is conceivably one of the most famous good examples for little fellows and men today. Along these lines when our general public thinks about a definitive â€Å"many man† the main thing that rings a bell is solid, forceful, tall, attractive, valiant, unpleasant, extreme, aloof, heartless, brave and down to earth. We will compose a custom paper test on Extreme Guise or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now Men ought not be delicate, accommodating or feeble. In the event that a man would show shortcoming in any capacity, there would be a lot of analysis to follow. Individuals neglect to acknowledge how their social desires can be hurtful to young men, men, ladies, and society in general. Our way of life should be all the more with the exception of what it â€Å"truly† intends to take care of business. Sexual orientation jobs are instructed to young men from the very day they are conceived. Guardians treat children and girls in an unexpected way. Young men are educated to be extreme. At the point when little boy’s cry their folks may react by instructing him to grow up, and be an intense. Be that as it may if a young lady did likewise she would in all probability get more compassion from her folks. A genuine case of this is in games. It is adequate for a female competitor to cry when a physical issue happens. Be that as it may, male competitors are normally ridiculed for being â€Å"weak† or â€Å"sissies. † These desires can be destructive to young men and men. As indicated by Dennis Thompson, a few examinations show people share more passionate similitudes than contrasts. At the point when men are compelled to hold in their feelings, they are bound to experience the ill effects of hypertension, and take an interest in more dangerous practices, for example, smoking or drinking. (â€Å"Gender Differences in Emotional Health. †Ã‚ EverydayHealth. com. N. p. , n. d. Web. ) Boys and men ought to be permitted to grow up with non-cliché reactions to their actual passionate needs. Because of this intense appearance persona, ladies endure as well. In the narrative â€Å"Tough Guise† Jackson Katz discusses the advanced multicultural women’s development. Katz clarifies how this development in history has given men new admissions about connections, work, and child rearing. There are currently numerous youngsters today who are exceptionally receptive about connections among people, and sexual correspondence. Be that as it may, there has likewise been a â€Å"backlash. † This implies a few men are not acclimating to these social changes. For instance Howard Stern assumes the job of a â€Å"bad boy† who is just acclaimed for belittling ladies. Harsh shows ladies as articles via airing them on TV half exposed and uses debasing names. Howard Stern causes youthful male watchers to feel great about themselves by debasing ladies and relapsing back to conventional chauvinist ways. Not exclusively are youngsters seeing individuals like Howard Stern as the â€Å"social norm,† they are likewise being impacted by sexual savagery films. Numerous slasher films show ladies in explicitly express manners directly before they are being ambushed. Jackson Kratz assumes this may be the reason such huge numbers of men are explicitly attacking ladies. Savagery is quick among young men and men, which is influencing our entire society. Men and young men are being tormented in their schools. This is bringing about mass killings. So as to show strength young men and men are depending on firearms. Truth be told, the young men talked with felt they expected to look for vengeance on the individuals who harassed them to declare their masculinity. Luke Woodham, who completed the Pearl, Mississippi, cited â€Å"people called me gay, idiotic, fat, and lethargic. Murder isn't powerless and moderate witted, murder is gutsy and brave. † I am not crazy; I did this to show society that individuals like me are abused each day. † ( â€Å"The Day Luke Woodham Killed All Those People. †Ã‚ YouTube. YouTube, 15 Apr. 008. ) Luke Woodham was didn't fit into social orders social standard; accordingly wanted to show his strength by taking life’s. These are things society needs to consider. Shockingly Men are setting up a front for society. With this being said men experience a great deal so as to fit the clic hé â€Å"manly man. † Our way of life needs to see the entirety of the negative results of squeezing men. Men ought to be permitted to be consistent with themselves without being judged. At the point when men are required to fit a specific generalization, this occasionally brings about savagery against ladies, and society. The most effective method to refer to Tough Guise, Papers

Thursday, August 13, 2020

How to Handle Your Feelings for Your Therapist

How to Handle Your Feelings for Your Therapist Psychotherapy Print How to Handle Feelings for Your Therapist By Jenev Caddell, PsyD facebook twitter linkedin Jenev Caddell, PsyD, is a licensed psychologist, relationship coach, and author. Learn about our editorial policy Jenev Caddell, PsyD Updated on October 14, 2019 asiseeit/E/Getty Images   More in Psychotherapy Online Therapy You have chosen the right therapist, you have gotten some help for the initial issues you needed help with, and now, you are in love with your therapist. If you feel like you have fallen in love with your therapist, you are not alone. Therapy is an intimate process, and it is actually more common than you may realize to develop romantic feelings for your therapist. A good therapist will offer a safe haven to divulge your deepest secrets and will accept you no matter what. They will offer you 3 key qualities in any healthy relationship that humans need in general.  It makes sense why that safety and acceptance can be attractive, especially if you are not getting that from other people in your life. Acknowledge It   First, recognize that you are not a crazy or shameful person for having these feelings. There is actually a term in psychoanalytic literature that refers to a patients feelings about his or her therapist known as transference,?? which is when feelings for a former authority figure are  transferred onto a therapist. Falling in love with your therapist may be more common than you realize. After you realize that you are not the first person to fall in love with your therapist and that you are not a bad person because of it, talk about it.  Professing your love to your therapist may be easier said than done, but to really get the most out of therapy, it is important to discuss.  Your therapist should be able to help you explore these feelings and you will likely grow through this process and learn from it. Your therapist may even already know that you have feelings for them. What It Means for You The answer to this question, of course, depends on you, but the process of therapy will help you explore what it means that you have fallen for your therapist and what to do about it. Perhaps a pattern in your life, in general,  is that you always fall in love with people who are unavailable, and your therapist is just another example of one of these people. Or, perhaps you have never had that warmth and acceptance from someone, and the taste of it is intoxicating to you. That would make sense  since as humans we all need someone to care about and accept us. Your therapist should help you understand these feelings, and once you get more of a handle on what is going on, you will likely experience personal growth as a result. How Will Your Therapist Handle It? An ethical and well-trained  therapist will be open and welcoming to a discussion about your feelings toward them. Therapy is a safe place to discuss interpersonal processes and a lot of personal growth can occur from doing so.  Your therapist should handle this news gracefully and explore it with you. It is crucial to know that romantic relationships are inappropriate between therapist and client, and it is up to your therapist to uphold this boundary.?? Therapy is largely one-sided, unlike most other relationships in life. By sharing your emotional experiences and sometimes secrets with your therapist, you are opening yourself up and being vulnerable, which is often important to get the most out of the process. If, however, your therapist takes advantage of this vulnerability and reciprocates such feelings in any way, this is a very clear ethical violation. If this happens in therapy, you should end the process of therapy and consider reporting the therapist to their state board if you feel comfortable doing so.

Saturday, May 23, 2020

Alzheimer s A Progressive And Fatal Disease Of The Brain

According to Alzheimer.net, forty-four million people, worldwide, are diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. In the United States, one out of nine people over the age of 65 are diagnosed with this disease, and it ranks as the sixth leading cause of death in the United States. Two out of three people diagnosed with Alzheimer’s are women. Five point three million dollars are depleted every year from citizens diagnosed with Alzheimer’s. Alzheimer’s is â€Å"a progressive and fatal disease of the brain† (Lu Bludua, 2011). This brain disease leads to deterioration of the brain, which leads to dementia. Dementia is the â€Å"loss of memory and mental abilities severe enough to affect the daily life† (Lu Bludua, 2011). It begins at the memory control center of the brain, and then progresses to the portions of the brain that control reasoning, thinking, speaking, and seeing; therefore, it damages all parts of the brain. According to Lu and Bludau, Alzheimer’s influences many aspects such as the organ system, tissue, cells, and organelles. The organ system affected is the brain, which performs numerous crucial tasks. This disease impinges on the control center for all bodily functions. The vital body function that the disease affects in the brain consist of: thinking, seeing, hearing, breathing, and body movements. It hinders storing and making of memories and hinders the aptitude to feel emotions. There are three parts of the brain: the cerebrum, the brain stem, and the cerebellum. TheShow MoreRelated9. Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (Cjd). It Is A Rare, Degenerative1677 Words   |  7 PagesCreutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) It is a rare, degenerative but fatal brain disorder affecting very a small fraction of persons. The symptoms usually arise at the age of 60 and the person dies within a year. Many researchers believe that this disorder is the result of an abnormal protein known as prion. About 5-10% cases reported in the United States share a genetic basis where this form of dementia is caused by a mutation in the gene for the prion protein. Patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease suffer fromRead MoreThe Disease Of Alzheimer s Disease1421 Words   |  6 Pages Introduction A brain deteriorates, slowly being engulfed by a mysterious disease. The neurons being cut off and destroyed by two abnormal structures. First memory is affected gradually getting worse. Then one is unable to think properly, reason, and lacks of self control. Gaps are formed in the brain s ventricles, due to the amount of dead tissue. In the end, it will lead to death. All of this may sound like something from a science fiction movie but infact its very real. These are all known possibleRead MoreThe Mystery Of Alzheimer s Disease1537 Words   |  7 Pagesdefinition, etiology, signs and symptoms, stages of disease progression, risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common cause of dementia. Alzheimer’s disease is Ultimately fatal. Medical Definition. Alzheimer s disease is a progressive, degenerative disorder that attacks the brain s nerve cells, or neurons, resulting in loss of memory, thinking and language skills, and behavioral changes. These neurons, which produce the brain chemical, or neurotransmitter, acetylcholineRead MoreThe Difference Between Dementia And Alzheimer s Disease1523 Words   |  7 Pagesthe difference between Dementia and Alzheimer s disease. Dementia is not a disease, it is a term used to describe Neurological conditions that involves some form of serious mental disorder such as memory loss, confusion, and impaired judgment. Alzheimer s is an actual disease, which is a form of Dementia and the most common type of Dementia; it is accountable for 60% - 80% of all cases of Dementia. Dementia has been around for many years dating back to the 1900 s. Dementia refers to a group of symptomsRead MoreSmoking: The Memory Killer. Over The Years, There Has Been1411 Words   |  6 Pagesmore harmful for your body and for your brain. When you smoke tobacco or marijuana, you are inhaling chemicals that go straight to your brain within a couple and starts to thin your cerebrum which can lead to memory loss. Memory loss is one of the early tell tale signs of Alzheimer s disease, which can be very fatal if dealt with improperly or for too long Also, when you buy a box of cigarettes or weed, you’re just buying a ticket to Alzheimer s. Alzheimer s can happen to you if you smoke too muchRead MoreTypes Of Dementia For Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Ateriopathy1786 Words   |  8 Pagesdementia include vasculitis, hypertension and lesions caused due to brain hemorrhage. An autoimmune disease, lupus erythematosus and inflammatory disease temporal arteritis can also damage blood vessels resulting in dementia. 3. Lewy body dementia (LBD) Lewy body dementia (LBD) is one of the most common types of progressive dementia sporadically occurring in individuals with no known familial history of the disease. The cells of brain s cortex and substantia nigra die while the remaining cells of substantiaRead MoreThe Reason I Chose Alzheimer s Disease1617 Words   |  7 PagesThe reason I chose Alzheimer’s disease (AD) as my Case Study is because it is very personal to me. My Mother-in-law, Marcia, was diagnosed with beginning stages of AD 5 years ago. We believe she went undiagnosed for a couple years before that. AD is a family disease that has a huge impact on an entire family. A year ago we moved in with my in-laws to help care for not only Marcia, but my father-in-law, Larry. Larry was Marcia’s sole caregiver and we noticed over the last couple of years takingRead MoreAlzheimers Disease945 Words   |  4 PagesAlzheimer’s Disease Alzheimer’s Disease is a progressive neurological disease; it often attacks the brain tissues causing memory loss of one’s identity and regular behaviors. Statistics indicates that the rate of predicted people to get Alzheimer’s will increase briskly as time goes on. There are currently no cures for such disastrous disease, but there are currently approved treatments available that can help people within the early stages of Alzheimer’s. Once the disease is too far alongRead MoreA Glance Into The Mind Of Alzheimer s Disease1766 Words   |  8 PagesOctober 20, 2014 What would you do if you or a family member was diagnosed with Alzheimer’s Disease? More than 5 million senior citizens in America are living with Alzheimer’s. In 2002, my grandfather was diagnosed with this condition. It has changed his life and my family’s lives ever since. Taking care of him is a bit challenging when you don’t understand the disease. Alzheimer’s is a progressive illness that is a type of dementia. Dementia is the decline in mental ability that is serious enoughRead MoreThe Social Construction Of Illness1399 Words   |  6 Pagesunderstanding of health and illness is variable. The way that a society views and interprets an illness deviates from the raw, natural interpretation made by biologists and physicians. It is believed that illness, a social phenomenon, is created out of disease, a biological phenomenon, through social construction. Social construction of illness emphasizes that the meaning of illness develops through in teraction in a social context. While the medical model assumes that illness is invariant in time and

Tuesday, May 12, 2020

Statistics Related to Fathers Day

The history of the Fathers Day in the United States goes back over a century.   In 1909 Sonora Dodd of Spokane, Washington thought of the idea of Father’s Day. After hearing a Mother’s Day sermon she thought it would be appropriate to also have a day honoring fathers. Her father, in particular, deserved recognition. William Smart, Sonora’s father, was a Civil War veteran, farmer, and widower who had raised six children. The third Sunday of Smart’s birth month of June 1910 was chosen by Spokane as the first Father’s Day. National recognition in the U.S. of Father’s Day took some time. It was not until 1966 when President Lyndon B. Johnson issued the first presidential proclamation commemorating the third Sunday in June as Father’s Day that the holiday was officially recognized nationally. Six years later, in 1972 President Richard M. Nixon signed a law making Father’s Day a permanent fixture of the third week in June. The U.S. Census Bureau collects data on a wide variety of aspects of life in the U.S. They have several statistics relating to fathers. A few of these Fathers Day statistics follow below: Fathers Day Statistics There are approximately 152 million males in the United States. Of these about 46% (70 million) are fathers.About 16% (25 million) of all males in the U.S. had children younger than 18 in 2011.In 2011 there were 1.7 million single fathers. Of these men 5% were widowed, 19% were separated, 31% were never married and 45% were divorced.In 2011 there were approximately 176,000 stay-at-home dads. These were classified as married fathers who had been out of the workforce for over a year, with a wife who works outside the home. Approximately 332,000 children were cared for by these stay-at-home days, or on average, about 1.9 children per dad.In 2010 approximately 17% of all U.S. preschoolers were cared for by their father while mom was at work.As far as a gift goes for dad on Father’s Day, there are a number of options of items to buy and places to purchase a gift. All data is from the most recent year available, 2009:There were 7,708 men’s clothing stores in the U.S. where yo u could buy a tie.There were 15,734 hardware stores in the U.S. where you could buy an assortment of tools. Closely related to this gift category are the 6,897 home stores around the country.There were 21,628 sporting goods stores in the U.S., which stocked popular gifts such as fishing gear and golf clubs.Just over 79 million Americans reported eating at a barbecue in 2010. Due to Father’s Day falling during prime barbecue season, many of these people ate at a barbecue on the third Sunday of June. Happy Fathers Day to all fathers out there.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Growing Up African American Free Essays

I am a member of the African American group and I would like to tell you a bit about the group of when I am a part of. Let me start by saying that my African American group originated from Africa and growing up in America can be tough for people of my race, the African Americans. My group’s history is wide ranging spanning for many years and varying from region to region within the United States. We will write a custom essay sample on Growing Up African American or any similar topic only for you Order Now I remember when I was young I use to talk to my mother a lot and asked her many questions like â€Å"Why am I called an African American? She went on to explain that our race originally comes from Africa and we were part of a slave trade. From my mother I learned that we were slaves until a law was passed to give us freedom. I use to wonder when I was young if there were other people similar to me all over America. I also remember something my father told me once that African Americans live all over the country. My father told stories of how he used to go to an all black school could vote or sit in the front of buses. Being African Americans have faced several kinds of creation and consequence situations in the years they have been a part of the United States. In some places cheaper labor, longer work hours and terrible living conditions. Many people of the United States have made it almost impossible for groups of another race or Ethnicity to strive and live full happy lives. I have seen over the year’s situations of extermination in some parts, as well segregation, and expulsion. In school from some of my teachers, in social interactions like just walking through a store, and especially in the work place when they’ll even give me the chance to work because it doesn’t matter I go to get a job out here. There are some racist, even the Uncle Tom’s. I’ve done everything they ask and still I either get denied the job or they hire me and treat me like Growing up African American 3 trash until I quit, or they try to find a reason to get rid of me. Since, I don’t give them much reason to get rid of me due to my strong work ethic and performance; they usually try to break me down. Education plays an important role for most African Americans; however we are still way behind when compared to the White American which probably has a lot to do with the way some of us was brought up or our background. Regardless of the contributions made by the forefathers of black people, there is a hesitation of acceptance of the race that has been a focus of many groups the strive for freedom and justice for all, that has not yet been rectified. The same group of people was good enough to built the country is not always seen as good enough to live in the house next door. I believe because this country is made up of many different races and ethnic groups that are steadily growing in numbers. If different races are toco exist peacefully in the U. S. , it is vital that we all become educated on the history and culture of different races and ethnicities. According to the 2000 Census data for Lexington, MS the total population for 2000 were 2,025 male 965 and female 1,060 square miles 2. 45. Race: white (635); black or African American (1,362); American Indian and Alaska Native (1); Asian (13); and two or more races (14); and Hispanic or Latino (of any race) (40) (Fact finder Census 2000). Birthplace facts from the 2000 census data in Lexington born in the same state (1,706); born in another state (269); born outside the US (0); naturalized citizen (14); and foreign born, not US citizen (10). Some more 2000 census data in educational attainment population 25 and older was 1,206 in Lexington: high school graduates (299); some college, or associate’s degree (349); bachelor’s degree (111); and master’s, professional or doctorate degree (60). Some enrollment population 3 years and over Growing up African American 4 enrolled in school was 627: preschool and kindergarten (83); grades 1-12 (446); and college (98) (2000 census data). How to cite Growing Up African American, Papers

Sunday, May 3, 2020

The Potao Famine Gone But Not Forgotten free essay sample

The Potao Famine: Gone But Not Forgotten Essay, Research Paper A hundred and fifty old ages ago in September, 1845, the Dublin local paper # 8220 ; Dublin Evening Post # 8221 ; , reported a # 8220 ; disease in the murphy harvest # 8221 ; . This turned out to be the murphy blight which destroyed 40 % of the harvest that twelvemonth and about 100 % the following twelvemonth. The devatation was known as # 8220 ; The Great Hunger # 8221 ; and resulted in broad spread famishment and mass out-migration to Britain and the Americas. As a consequence, the population declined from @ 8,295,000 to less so 6,000,000 in a few old ages. In 1845 a fungous disease called the late blight, appeared in the Irish murphy harvest with annihilating consequences. The late blight manifests itself in any portion of the works. Discoloration of the foliages accompainied by downy mold is sometimes the first mark. The tubers may besides be infected in the feild or in storage, with stain of the tegument, with a ruddy brown dry putrefaction widening to the tuber. We will write a custom essay sample on The Potao Famine Gone But Not Forgotten or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Later a slimy, disgusting smelling putrefaction may destruct the tuber. It is now known that the blight is caused by the fungus Phytophtora infestans an Oomycete which Bel ; ongs to the household Pythiaceae. This species is characterized by coenocytic mycelium and theproduction of biflagellate, motile zoospores. The fungus is heterothallic and can reproduce sexually in the presence of an opposite coupling type. Sexual reproduction follows fertilisation of an oogonium by an antheridium ensuing in the production of an oospore. Overwintering can be in the signifier of resting mtcelium or oospores. After sprouting both will ensue in the production of spore case which can shoot straight by agencies of a germ tubing or indirectly by agencies of the motile zoospores. Germination is followed by encystment and appresorium formation. Phytohphtora infestans besides affected potato harvests in the nor-east United States and Southern Canada every bit good as much of western Europe iin add-on to Ireland in 1845, but the effects were nowhere nigh every bit devestating as in Ireland because in those topographic points the diet was much more diversified and the people were non so dependent on the murphy. Although it happened 150 old ages ago, the Irish have non forgotten # 8221 ; The Great Hunger # 8221 ; . Because of the influence of conditions on the developement and spread of the late blight, the Irish Meterological Services continues to air warnings of conditions prefering the spread of murphy blight. Furthermore, the Irish people have gained a repute for lending forces and resources in aread of the universe presently confronting dearth, good out of proportion to the size and economic system of their little island.